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Pathway Description
Alanine Metabolism
Arabidopsis thaliana
Category:
Metabolite Pathway
Sub-Category:
Metabolic
Created: 2016-04-08
Last Updated: 2019-08-14
The alanine biosynthesis starts with hypoxic conditions leading to large amounts of alanine being produced either through reactions in chloroplast, mitochondrion or cytoplasm Alanine concentration decreases after the plants return to normal oxygen conditions. Alanine production can be used by plants to conserve nitrogen and carbon atoms during anaerobic fermentation, otherwise, nitrogen and carbon atoms may be lost. Alanine is degraded and the nitrogen stored is released.
References
Alanine Metabolism References
Igarashi D, Miwa T, Seki M, Kobayashi M, Kato T, Tabata S, Shinozaki K, Ohsumi C: Identification of photorespiratory glutamate:glyoxylate aminotransferase (GGAT) gene in Arabidopsis. Plant J. 2003 Mar;33(6):975-87.
Pubmed: 12631323
Liepman AH, Olsen LJ: Alanine aminotransferase homologs catalyze the glutamate:glyoxylate aminotransferase reaction in peroxisomes of Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 2003 Jan;131(1):215-27. doi: 10.1104/pp.011460.
Pubmed: 12529529
Miyashita Y, Dolferus R, Ismond KP, Good AG: Alanine aminotransferase catalyses the breakdown of alanine after hypoxia in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J. 2007 Mar;49(6):1108-21. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2006.03023.x. Epub 2007 Feb 22.
Pubmed: 17319845
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Pubmed: 8643469
Turano FJ, Thakkar SS, Fang T, Weisemann JM: Characterization and expression of NAD(H)-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase genes in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 1997 Apr;113(4):1329-41.
Pubmed: 9112779
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Pubmed: 22108404
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Pubmed: 11130712
Cheng CY, Krishnakumar V, Chan AP, Thibaud-Nissen F, Schobel S, Town CD: Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference genome. Plant J. 2017 Feb;89(4):789-804. doi: 10.1111/tpj.13415. Epub 2017 Feb 10.
Pubmed: 27862469
Stepanova AN, Robertson-Hoyt J, Yun J, Benavente LM, Xie DY, Dolezal K, Schlereth A, Jurgens G, Alonso JM: TAA1-mediated auxin biosynthesis is essential for hormone crosstalk and plant development. Cell. 2008 Apr 4;133(1):177-91. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2008.01.047.
Pubmed: 18394997
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Pubmed: 10617198
Yamada K, Lim J, Dale JM, Chen H, Shinn P, Palm CJ, Southwick AM, Wu HC, Kim C, Nguyen M, Pham P, Cheuk R, Karlin-Newmann G, Liu SX, Lam B, Sakano H, Wu T, Yu G, Miranda M, Quach HL, Tripp M, Chang CH, Lee JM, Toriumi M, Chan MM, Tang CC, Onodera CS, Deng JM, Akiyama K, Ansari Y, Arakawa T, Banh J, Banno F, Bowser L, Brooks S, Carninci P, Chao Q, Choy N, Enju A, Goldsmith AD, Gurjal M, Hansen NF, Hayashizaki Y, Johnson-Hopson C, Hsuan VW, Iida K, Karnes M, Khan S, Koesema E, Ishida J, Jiang PX, Jones T, Kawai J, Kamiya A, Meyers C, Nakajima M, Narusaka M, Seki M, Sakurai T, Satou M, Tamse R, Vaysberg M, Wallender EK, Wong C, Yamamura Y, Yuan S, Shinozaki K, Davis RW, Theologis A, Ecker JR: Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis genome. Science. 2003 Oct 31;302(5646):842-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1088305.
Pubmed: 14593172
Sato S, Kaneko T, Kotani H, Nakamura Y, Asamizu E, Miyajima N, Tabata S: Structural analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 5. IV. Sequence features of the regions of 1,456,315 bp covered by nineteen physically assigned P1 and TAC clones. DNA Res. 1998 Feb 28;5(1):41-54. doi: 10.1093/dnares/5.1.41.
Pubmed: 9628582
Tabata S, Kaneko T, Nakamura Y, Kotani H, Kato T, Asamizu E, Miyajima N, Sasamoto S, Kimura T, Hosouchi T, Kawashima K, Kohara M, Matsumoto M, Matsuno A, Muraki A, Nakayama S, Nakazaki N, Naruo K, Okumura S, Shinpo S, Takeuchi C, Wada T, Watanabe A, Yamada M, Yasuda M, Sato S, de la Bastide M, Huang E, Spiegel L, Gnoj L, O'Shaughnessy A, Preston R, Habermann K, Murray J, Johnson D, Rohlfing T, Nelson J, Stoneking T, Pepin K, Spieth J, Sekhon M, Armstrong J, Becker M, Belter E, Cordum H, Cordes M, Courtney L, Courtney W, Dante M, Du H, Edwards J, Fryman J, Haakensen B, Lamar E, Latreille P, Leonard S, Meyer R, Mulvaney E, Ozersky P, Riley A, Strowmatt C, Wagner-McPherson C, Wollam A, Yoakum M, Bell M, Dedhia N, Parnell L, Shah R, Rodriguez M, See LH, Vil D, Baker J, Kirchoff K, Toth K, King L, Bahret A, Miller B, Marra M, Martienssen R, McCombie WR, Wilson RK, Murphy G, Bancroft I, Volckaert G, Wambutt R, Dusterhoft A, Stiekema W, Pohl T, Entian KD, Terryn N, Hartley N, Bent E, Johnson S, Langham SA, McCullagh B, Robben J, Grymonprez B, Zimmermann W, Ramsperger U, Wedler H, Balke K, Wedler E, Peters S, van Staveren M, Dirkse W, Mooijman P, Lankhorst RK, Weitzenegger T, Bothe G, Rose M, Hauf J, Berneiser S, Hempel S, Feldpausch M, Lamberth S, Villarroel R, Gielen J, Ardiles W, Bents O, Lemcke K, Kolesov G, Mayer K, Rudd S, Schoof H, Schueller C, Zaccaria P, Mewes HW, Bevan M, Fransz P: Sequence and analysis of chromosome 5 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Nature. 2000 Dec 14;408(6814):823-6. doi: 10.1038/35048507.
Pubmed: 11130714
Leon S, Touraine B, Briat JF, Lobreaux S: The AtNFS2 gene from Arabidopsis thaliana encodes a NifS-like plastidial cysteine desulphurase. Biochem J. 2002 Sep 1;366(Pt 2):557-64. doi: 10.1042/BJ20020322.
Pubmed: 12033984
Pilon-Smits EA, Garifullina GF, Abdel-Ghany S, Kato S, Mihara H, Hale KL, Burkhead JL, Esaki N, Kurihara T, Pilon M: Characterization of a NifS-like chloroplast protein from Arabidopsis. Implications for its role in sulfur and selenium metabolism. Plant Physiol. 2002 Nov;130(3):1309-18. doi: 10.1104/pp.102.010280.
Pubmed: 12427997
Kotani H, Nakamura Y, Sato S, Asamizu E, Kaneko T, Miyajima N, Tabata S: Structural analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 5. VI. Sequence features of the regions of 1,367,185 bp covered by 19 physically assigned P1 and TAC clones. DNA Res. 1998 Jun 30;5(3):203-16. doi: 10.1093/dnares/5.3.203.
Pubmed: 9734815
Kruft V, Eubel H, Jansch L, Werhahn W, Braun HP: Proteomic approach to identify novel mitochondrial proteins in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 2001 Dec;127(4):1694-710.
Pubmed: 11743114
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