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Type-1 angiotensin II receptor Type-1 angiotensin II receptor Renin Angiotensin- converting enzyme Angiotensinogen Renin Angiotensin- converting enzyme Angiotensinogen des(AngI)AGT Angiotensin II Losartan Angiotensin I Angiotensin II H2O Na+ H2O K+ H+ Zinc (II) ion Chloride ion Zinc (II) ion Chloride ion Angiotensin- converting enzyme Angiotensin II Gαq Aldosterone GDP Angiotensin II H2O Vasopressin Losartan blocks angiotensin II from binding to type-1 angiotensin II receptor. Angiotensin II is unable to activate the receptor, Gαq, Gβγ, and GDP. From liver From kidney Into circulation From capillaries of lungs and endothelial cells of kidney Hypothalmus Posterior Pituitary Gland Angiotensin II binds directly to AT1 receptors on the smooth muscle cells of the tunica media layer to induce vasoconstriction of the blood vessel Adrenal Cortex Vasopressin is released from the posterior pituitary gland where it changes the permeability of the collecting ducts to allow for water reabsorption back into the blood circulation Water reabsorption into blood circulation Increase in blood pressure Increase in circulating blood volume Triggers thirst sensation Increase in oral water uptake Reabsorption of Na+ into the blood stream subsequently causes water to follow, thus water retention occurs Potassium and hydrogen ions are simultaneously excreted into the urine Angiotensin binds to receptors in the adrenal cortex to trigger a series of reactions that leads to the synthesis of aldosterone from cholesterol
AGTR1 AGTR1 REN ACE AGT REN ACE AGT Unknown Angiotensin II Losartan Angiotensin I Angiotensin II Water Sodium Water Potassium Hydrogen ACE GNG2 Angiotensin II GNB1 GNAQ Aldosterone Guanosine diphosphate Angiotensin II Water Vasopressin
AGTR1 AGTR1 REN ACE AGT REN ACE AGT Ang II Losarta Angio1 Ang II H2O Na+ H2O K+ H+ Zinc Cl Zinc Cl ACE GNG2 Ang II GNB1 GNAQ Aldostr GDP Ang II H2O ADH Losartan blocks angiotensin II from binding to type-1 angiotensin II receptor. Angiotensin II is unable to activate the receptor, Gαq, Gβγ, and GDP. From liver From kidney Into circulation From capillaries of lungs and endothelial cells of kidney Hypothalmus Posterior Pituitary Gland Angiotensin II binds directly to AT1 receptors on the smooth muscle cells of the tunica media layer to induce vasoconstriction of the blood vessel Adrenal Cortex Vasopressin is released from the posterior pituitary gland where it changes the permeability of the collecting ducts to allow for water reabsorption back into the blood circulation Water reabsorption into blood circulation Increase in blood pressure Increase in circulating blood volume Triggers thirst sensation Increase in oral water uptake Reabsorption of Na+ into the blood stream subsequently causes water to follow, thus water retention occurs Potassium and hydrogen ions are simultaneously excreted into the urine Angiotensin binds to receptors in the adrenal cortex to trigger a series of reactions that leads to the synthesis of aldosterone from cholesterol
AGTR1 AGTR1 REN ACE AGT REN ACE AGT Ang II Losarta Angio1 Ang II H2O Na+ H2O K+ H2 ACE GNG2 Ang II GNB1 GNAQ Aldostr GDP Ang II H2O ADH