Peptidoglycan
recognition
protein 1
Monocyte
differentiation
antigen CD14
Toll-like
receptor 2
Myeloid
differentiation
primary
response
protein MyD88
Interleukin-1
receptor-
associated
kinase 1
TNF receptor-
associated
factor 6
Evolutionarily
conserved
signaling
intermediate in
Toll pathway,
mitochondrial
Mitogen-
activated
protein kinase
kinase kinase 1
Inhibitor of
nuclear factor
kappa-B kinase
subunit alpha
Inhibitor of
nuclear factor
kappa-B kinase
subunit beta
NF-kappa-B
essential
modulator
Nuclear factor
NF-kappa-B p105
subunit
Transcription
factor p65
NF-kappa-B
inhibitor alpha
NF-kappa-B
inhibitor alpha
Monocyte
differentiation
antigen CD14
Toll-like
receptor 4
Lymphocyte
antigen 96
Toll-
interacting
protein
Interferon-
induced,
double-stranded
RNA-activated
protein kinase
Myeloid
differentiation
primary
response
protein MyD88
Interleukin-1
receptor-
associated
kinase 1
Toll/interleukin-
1 receptor
domain-
containing
adapter protein
Mitogen-
activated
protein kinase
kinase kinase 7
TGF-beta-
activated
kinase 1 and
MAP3K7-binding
protein 2
TGF-beta-
activated
kinase 1 and
MAP3K7-binding
protein 1
Mitogen-
activated
protein kinase
14
Dual
specificity
mitogen-
activated
protein kinase
kinase 3
Dual
specificity
mitogen-
activated
protein kinase
kinase 6
Dual
specificity
mitogen-
activated
protein kinase
kinase 4
Mitogen-
activated
protein kinase
kinase kinase 1
Dual
specificity
mitogen-
activated
protein kinase
kinase 4
Mitogen-
activated
protein kinase
14
Mitogen-
activated
protein kinase
8
Proto-oncogene
c-Fos
Transcription
factor AP-1
ETS domain-
containing
protein Elk-1
Peroxisome
proliferator-
activated
receptor alpha
Nuclear factor
NF-kappa-B p105
subunit
Toll-like
receptor 9
Myeloid
differentiation
primary
response
protein MyD88
Interleukin-1
receptor-
associated
kinase 1
Toll-like
receptor 3
Myeloid
differentiation
primary
response
protein MyD88
Interleukin-1
receptor-
associated
kinase 1
Toll-like
receptor 7
Myeloid
differentiation
primary
response
protein MyD88
Interleukin-1
receptor-
associated
kinase 1
Nuclear factor
NF-kappa-B p105
subunit
Mitogen-
activated
protein kinase
8
Pi
Pi
Pi
Pro-inflammatory cytokines
(IL12, IL1, TNF-a)
oxidized EPA
oxidized EPA
Lipoproteins (BLP, PGN, LAM,
Mannans)
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS)
Apoptosis of host cells
Influence adaptive immune
system
T cells
Cell-mediated immunity
Direct antimicrobial
response
speculated
CpG DNA
Poly (I:c)
Imiquimod, R848
Extracellular
Cytoplasm of
Monocytes/Macrophages,
Dendritic cells, Intestinal
Epithelial & Endothelial
cells