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Pathway Description
Valine Biosynthesis
Escherichia coli
Category:
Metabolite Pathway
Sub-Category:
Metabolic
Created: 2015-03-16
Last Updated: 2019-08-13
The pathway of valine biosynthesis starts with pyruvic acid interacting with a hydrogen ion through a acetolactate synthase / acetohydroxybutanoate synthase or a acetohydroxybutanoate synthase / acetolactate synthase resulting in the release of carbon dioxide and (S)-2-acetolactate. The latter compound then interacts with a hydrogen ion through an NADPH driven
acetohydroxy acid isomeroreductase resulting in the release of a NADP and an (R) 2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylvalerate. The latter compound is then dehydrated by a dihydroxy acid dehydratase resulting in the release of water and isovaleric acid. Isovaleric acid interacts with an L-glutamic acid through a Valine Transaminase resulting in a oxoglutaric acid and an L-valine. L-valine is then transported into the periplasmic space through a L-valine efflux transporter.
References
Valine Biosynthesis References
Neidhardt FC, Curtiss III R, Ingraham JL, Lin ECC, Low Jr KB, Magasanik B, Reznikoff WS, Riley M, Schaechter M, Umbarger HE. Escherichia coli and Salmonella, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Second Edition. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C., 1996.
Squires CH, De Felice M, Devereux J, Calvo JM: Molecular structure of ilvIH and its evolutionary relationship to ilvG in Escherichia coli K12. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Aug 11;11(15):5299-313. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.15.5299.
Pubmed: 6308579
Yura T, Mori H, Nagai H, Nagata T, Ishihama A, Fujita N, Isono K, Mizobuchi K, Nakata A: Systematic sequencing of the Escherichia coli genome: analysis of the 0-2.4 min region. Nucleic Acids Res. 1992 Jul 11;20(13):3305-8. doi: 10.1093/nar/20.13.3305.
Pubmed: 1630901
Blattner FR, Plunkett G 3rd, Bloch CA, Perna NT, Burland V, Riley M, Collado-Vides J, Glasner JD, Rode CK, Mayhew GF, Gregor J, Davis NW, Kirkpatrick HA, Goeden MA, Rose DJ, Mau B, Shao Y: The complete genome sequence of Escherichia coli K-12. Science. 1997 Sep 5;277(5331):1453-62. doi: 10.1126/science.277.5331.1453.
Pubmed: 9278503
Wek RC, Hauser CA, Hatfield GW: The nucleotide sequence of the ilvBN operon of Escherichia coli: sequence homologies of the acetohydroxy acid synthase isozymes. Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Jun 11;13(11):3995-4010. doi: 10.1093/nar/13.11.3995.
Pubmed: 2989782
Friden P, Donegan J, Mullen J, Tsui P, Freundlich M, Eoyang L, Weber R, Silverman PM: The ilvB locus of Escherichia coli K-12 is an operon encoding both subunits of acetohydroxyacid synthase I. Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Jun 11;13(11):3979-93. doi: 10.1093/nar/13.11.3979.
Pubmed: 2989781
Burland V, Plunkett G 3rd, Daniels DL, Blattner FR: DNA sequence and analysis of 136 kilobases of the Escherichia coli genome: organizational symmetry around the origin of replication. Genomics. 1993 Jun;16(3):551-61. doi: 10.1006/geno.1993.1230.
Pubmed: 7686882
Kuramitsu S, Ogawa T, Ogawa H, Kagamiyama H: Branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase of Escherichia coli: nucleotide sequence of the ilvE gene and the deduced amino acid sequence. J Biochem. 1985 Apr;97(4):993-9. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a135176.
Pubmed: 3897211
Lawther RP, Nichols B, Zurawski G, Hatfield GW: The nucleotide sequence preceding and including the beginning of the ilvE gene of the ilvGEDA operon of Escherichia coli K12. Nucleic Acids Res. 1979 Dec 20;7(8):2289-301. doi: 10.1093/nar/7.8.2289.
Pubmed: 392469
Lawther RP, Wek RC, Lopes JM, Pereira R, Taillon BE, Hatfield GW: The complete nucleotide sequence of the ilvGMEDA operon of Escherichia coli K-12. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Mar 11;15(5):2137-55. doi: 10.1093/nar/15.5.2137.
Pubmed: 3550695
Yamamoto Y, Aiba H, Baba T, Hayashi K, Inada T, Isono K, Itoh T, Kimura S, Kitagawa M, Makino K, Miki T, Mitsuhashi N, Mizobuchi K, Mori H, Nakade S, Nakamura Y, Nashimoto H, Oshima T, Oyama S, Saito N, Sampei G, Satoh Y, Sivasundaram S, Tagami H, Horiuchi T, et al.: Construction of a contiguous 874-kb sequence of the Escherichia coli -K12 genome corresponding to 50.0-68.8 min on the linkage map and analysis of its sequence features. DNA Res. 1997 Apr 28;4(2):91-113. doi: 10.1093/dnares/4.2.91.
Pubmed: 9205837
Hayashi K, Morooka N, Yamamoto Y, Fujita K, Isono K, Choi S, Ohtsubo E, Baba T, Wanner BL, Mori H, Horiuchi T: Highly accurate genome sequences of Escherichia coli K-12 strains MG1655 and W3110. Mol Syst Biol. 2006;2:2006.0007. doi: 10.1038/msb4100049. Epub 2006 Feb 21.
Pubmed: 16738553
Daley DO, Rapp M, Granseth E, Melen K, Drew D, von Heijne G: Global topology analysis of the Escherichia coli inner membrane proteome. Science. 2005 May 27;308(5726):1321-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1109730.
Pubmed: 15919996
Brown OR, Smyk-Randall E, Draczynska-Lusiak B, Fee JA: Dihydroxy-acid dehydratase, a [4Fe-4S] cluster-containing enzyme in Escherichia coli: effects of intracellular superoxide dismutase on its inactivation by oxidant stress. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1995 May 10;319(1):10-22. doi: 10.1006/abbi.1995.1262.
Pubmed: 7771772
Cox JL, Cox BJ, Fidanza V, Calhoun DH: The complete nucleotide sequence of the ilvGMEDA cluster of Escherichia coli K-12. Gene. 1987;56(2-3):185-98. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(87)90136-3.
Pubmed: 3315862
Wek RC, Hatfield GW: Nucleotide sequence and in vivo expression of the ilvY and ilvC genes in Escherichia coli K12. Transcription from divergent overlapping promoters. J Biol Chem. 1986 Feb 15;261(5):2441-50.
Pubmed: 3003115
Daniels DL, Plunkett G 3rd, Burland V, Blattner FR: Analysis of the Escherichia coli genome: DNA sequence of the region from 84.5 to 86.5 minutes. Science. 1992 Aug 7;257(5071):771-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1379743.
Pubmed: 1379743
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