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Pathway Description
Operon: De Novo Purine Nucleotide Biosynthesis
Escherichia coli
Category:
Protein Pathway
Sub-Categories:
Gene Regulatory
Cellular Response
Created: 2015-10-30
Last Updated: 2019-12-04
The cvpA-purF-ubiX operon in E. coli contains three genes that encode various proteins.
The operon can be inhibited by the PurR transcriptional repressor, which binds to the promoter region and represses transcription. Hypoxanthine can also bind to PurR, which induces a conformational change in the protein, allowing it to bind more strongly to DNA, and increasing its repressive properties.
The first gene in the operon, cvpA, encodes the colicin V producrtion protein, which is required for colicin V to be produced via a plasmid. Colicins are toxins produced by bacteria that can be used to kill other bacterial strains than the one releasing them.
The second gene, purF, encodes amidophosphoribosyltransferase, a protein that forms a homotetramer along with magnesium as a cofactor, and catalyzes the formation of phosphoribosylamine from glutamine or ammonia and phosphoribosylpyrophosphate. Phosphoribosylamine is then used to form inosinic acid, which can then be used to form
AMP and GMP.
The final gene, ubiX, encodes 3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate carboxy-lyase, a protein that catalyzes the synthesis of prenyl-FMNH2 and a phosphate group from FMNH2 and dimethylallyl phosphate. It can also work with the UbiD protein in the biosynthesis of coenzyme Q.
References
Operon: De Novo Purine Nucleotide Biosynthesis References
Rolfes RJ, Zalkin H: Regulation of Escherichia coli purF. Mutations that define the promoter, operator, and purine repressor gene. J Biol Chem. 1988 Dec 25;263(36):19649-52.
Pubmed: 3058703
Sampei G, Mizobuchi K: Nucleotide sequence of the Escherichia coli purF gene encoding amidophosphoribosyltransferase for de novo purine nucleotide synthesis. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Sep 12;16(17):8717. doi: 10.1093/nar/16.17.8717.
Pubmed: 3047685
Fath MJ, Mahanty HK, Kolter R: Characterization of a purF operon mutation which affects colicin V production. J Bacteriol. 1989 Jun;171(6):3158-61. doi: 10.1128/jb.171.6.3158-3161.1989.
Pubmed: 2542219
Nonet ML, Marvel CC, Tolan DR: The hisT-purF region of the Escherichia coli K-12 chromosome. Identification of additional genes of the hisT and purF operons. J Biol Chem. 1987 Sep 5;262(25):12209-17.
Pubmed: 3040734
Makaroff CA, Zalkin H: Regulation of Escherichia coli purF. Analysis of the control region of a pur regulon gene. J Biol Chem. 1985 Aug 25;260(18):10378-87.
Pubmed: 2991286
Yamamoto Y, Aiba H, Baba T, Hayashi K, Inada T, Isono K, Itoh T, Kimura S, Kitagawa M, Makino K, Miki T, Mitsuhashi N, Mizobuchi K, Mori H, Nakade S, Nakamura Y, Nashimoto H, Oshima T, Oyama S, Saito N, Sampei G, Satoh Y, Sivasundaram S, Tagami H, Horiuchi T, et al.: Construction of a contiguous 874-kb sequence of the Escherichia coli -K12 genome corresponding to 50.0-68.8 min on the linkage map and analysis of its sequence features. DNA Res. 1997 Apr 28;4(2):91-113. doi: 10.1093/dnares/4.2.91.
Pubmed: 9205837
Tso JY, Zalkin H, van Cleemput M, Yanofsky C, Smith JM: Nucleotide sequence of Escherichia coli purF and deduced amino acid sequence of glutamine phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase. J Biol Chem. 1982 Apr 10;257(7):3525-31.
Pubmed: 6277938
Tso JY, Hermodson MA, Zalkin H: Glutamine phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase from cloned Escherichia coli purF. NH2-terminal amino acid sequence, identification of the glutamine site, and trace metal analysis. J Biol Chem. 1982 Apr 10;257(7):3532-6.
Pubmed: 7037784
Zhang H, Javor GT: Regulation of the isofunctional genes ubiD and ubiX of the ubiquinone biosynthetic pathway of Escherichia coli. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2003 Jun 6;223(1):67-72. doi: 10.1016/S0378-1097(03)00343-4.
Pubmed: 12799002
Rolfes RJ, Zalkin H: Escherichia coli gene purR encoding a repressor protein for purine nucleotide synthesis. Cloning, nucleotide sequence, and interaction with the purF operator. J Biol Chem. 1988 Dec 25;263(36):19653-61.
Pubmed: 3058704
Meng LM, Kilstrup M, Nygaard P: Autoregulation of PurR repressor synthesis and involvement of purR in the regulation of purB, purC, purL, purMN and guaBA expression in Escherichia coli. Eur J Biochem. 1990 Jan 26;187(2):373-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1990.tb15314.x.
Pubmed: 2404765
Aiba H, Baba T, Hayashi K, Inada T, Isono K, Itoh T, Kasai H, Kashimoto K, Kimura S, Kitakawa M, Kitagawa M, Makino K, Miki T, Mizobuchi K, Mori H, Mori T, Motomura K, Nakade S, Nakamura Y, Nashimoto H, Nishio Y, Oshima T, Saito N, Sampei G, Horiuchi T, et al.: A 570-kb DNA sequence of the Escherichia coli K-12 genome corresponding to the 28.0-40.1 min region on the linkage map. DNA Res. 1996 Dec 31;3(6):363-77. doi: 10.1093/dnares/3.6.363.
Pubmed: 9097039
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