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Pathway Description
Caffeine Metabolism
Arabidopsis thaliana
Category:
Metabolite Pathway
Sub-Category:
Metabolic
Created: 2017-12-08
Last Updated: 2019-09-06
Caffeine is compound that originates from plants which is widely consumed worldwide . Though caffeine is not normally found in Arabidopsis thaliana, some independent reactions of the plant caffeine metabolism pathway are still present. With catalyzation by xanthine dehydrogenase, there are four compounds in this pathway that water and oxygen may react with to produce hydrogen peroxide and a different product depending on the compound. In this way, the compounds 1-methylxanthine, paraxanthine, theobromine or 7-methylxanthine may be converted to 1-methyluric acid, 1,7-dimethyluric acid, 3,7-dimethyluric acid or 7-methyluric acid respectively. In addition, in the peroxisome, uricase may catalyze the conversion of 1,3,7-trimethyluric acid, oxygen and water to 3,6,8-trimethylallantoin, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen peroxide.
References
Caffeine Metabolism References
Nakagawa A, Sakamoto S, Takahashi M, Morikawa H, Sakamoto A: The RNAi-mediated silencing of xanthine dehydrogenase impairs growth and fertility and accelerates leaf senescence in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Plant Cell Physiol. 2007 Oct;48(10):1484-95. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcm119. Epub 2007 Sep 14.
Pubmed: 17872919
Yesbergenova Z, Yang G, Oron E, Soffer D, Fluhr R, Sagi M: The plant Mo-hydroxylases aldehyde oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase have distinct reactive oxygen species signatures and are induced by drought and abscisic acid. Plant J. 2005 Jun;42(6):862-76. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2005.02422.x.
Pubmed: 15941399
Mohanty SK, Yu CL, Das S, Louie TM, Gakhar L, Subramanian M: Delineation of the caffeine C-8 oxidation pathway in Pseudomonas sp. strain CBB1 via characterization of a new trimethyluric acid monooxygenase and genes involved in trimethyluric acid metabolism. J Bacteriol. 2012 Aug;194(15):3872-82. doi: 10.1128/JB.00597-12. Epub 2012 May 18.
Pubmed: 22609920
Hesberg C, Hansch R, Mendel RR, Bittner F: Tandem orientation of duplicated xanthine dehydrogenase genes from Arabidopsis thaliana: differential gene expression and enzyme activities. J Biol Chem. 2004 Apr 2;279(14):13547-54. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M312929200. Epub 2004 Jan 15.
Pubmed: 14726515
Lin X, Kaul S, Rounsley S, Shea TP, Benito MI, Town CD, Fujii CY, Mason T, Bowman CL, Barnstead M, Feldblyum TV, Buell CR, Ketchum KA, Lee J, Ronning CM, Koo HL, Moffat KS, Cronin LA, Shen M, Pai G, Van Aken S, Umayam L, Tallon LJ, Gill JE, Adams MD, Carrera AJ, Creasy TH, Goodman HM, Somerville CR, Copenhaver GP, Preuss D, Nierman WC, White O, Eisen JA, Salzberg SL, Fraser CM, Venter JC: Sequence and analysis of chromosome 2 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Nature. 1999 Dec 16;402(6763):761-8. doi: 10.1038/45471.
Pubmed: 10617197
Cheng CY, Krishnakumar V, Chan AP, Thibaud-Nissen F, Schobel S, Town CD: Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference genome. Plant J. 2017 Feb;89(4):789-804. doi: 10.1111/tpj.13415. Epub 2017 Feb 10.
Pubmed: 27862469
Yamada K, Lim J, Dale JM, Chen H, Shinn P, Palm CJ, Southwick AM, Wu HC, Kim C, Nguyen M, Pham P, Cheuk R, Karlin-Newmann G, Liu SX, Lam B, Sakano H, Wu T, Yu G, Miranda M, Quach HL, Tripp M, Chang CH, Lee JM, Toriumi M, Chan MM, Tang CC, Onodera CS, Deng JM, Akiyama K, Ansari Y, Arakawa T, Banh J, Banno F, Bowser L, Brooks S, Carninci P, Chao Q, Choy N, Enju A, Goldsmith AD, Gurjal M, Hansen NF, Hayashizaki Y, Johnson-Hopson C, Hsuan VW, Iida K, Karnes M, Khan S, Koesema E, Ishida J, Jiang PX, Jones T, Kawai J, Kamiya A, Meyers C, Nakajima M, Narusaka M, Seki M, Sakurai T, Satou M, Tamse R, Vaysberg M, Wallender EK, Wong C, Yamamura Y, Yuan S, Shinozaki K, Davis RW, Theologis A, Ecker JR: Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis genome. Science. 2003 Oct 31;302(5646):842-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1088305.
Pubmed: 14593172
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