Browsing Pathways
Showing 21 -
30 of 605359 pathways
SMPDB ID | Pathway Name and Description | Pathway Class | Chemical Compounds | Proteins |
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SMP0000265View Pathway |
Abciximab Action Pathway (old)Abciximab (also known as c7E3 Fab) is integrin (integrin alpha-IIb and integrin beta-3) receptor antagonist. Binding of abciximab to integrin receptor will block any large molecule to attach on the receptor, which will lead to block any associated signal transduction pathways.
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SMP0144816View Pathway |
Abemaciclib Drug Metabolism Action Pathway |
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SMP0143982View Pathway |
Abiraterone Drug Metabolism Action Pathway |
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SMP0145232View Pathway |
Abrocitinib Drug Metabolism Action Pathway |
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SMP0144764View Pathway |
Acalabrutinib Drug Metabolism Action Pathway |
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SMP0143104View Pathway |
Acamprosate Drug Metabolism Action Pathway |
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SMP0142744View Pathway |
Acarbose Drug Metabolism Action Pathway |
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SMP0000296View Pathway |
Acebutolol Action PathwayAcebutolol (also known as Sectral or Prent) is a selective β1 adrenergic receptor antagonist (beta blocker), which can be used for treatment of high blood pressure (hypertension) and irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias). Acebutolol also has the ability to mild intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ISA) with effective range of dosage. Adrenaline (also known as epinephrine) can activate β1 adrenergic receptor so that the heart rate and output will be increased. Renin is a hormone that generated from kidney, which could lead to constriction of blood vessels. Beta blockers could efficiently prohibit renin release.
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SMP0124509View Pathway |
Acebutolol Action PathwayAcebutolol is a cardioselective beta blocker. It can be administered orally, where it passes through hepatic portal circulation, and enters the bloodstream and travels to act on cardiomyocytes. In bronchial and vascular smooth muscle, acebutolol can compete with epinephrine for beta-2 adrenergic receptors. By competing with catecholamines for adrenergic receptors, it inhibits sympathetic stimulation of the heart. The reduction of neurotransmitters binding to beta receptor proteins in the heart inhibits adenylate cyclase type 1. Because adenylate cyclase type 1 typically activates cAMP synthesis, which in turn activates PKA production, which then activates SRC and nitric oxide synthase, its inhibition causes the inhibition of cAMP, PKA, SRC and nitric oxide synthase signaling. Following this chain of reactions, we see that the inhibition of nitric oxide synthase reduces nitric oxide production outside the cell which results in vasoconstriction. On a different end of this reaction chain, the inhibition of SRC in essence causes the activation of Caspase 3 and Caspase 9. This Caspase cascade leads to cell apoptosis. The net result of all these reactions is a decreased sympathetic effect on cardiac cells, causing the heart rate to slow and arterial blood pressure to lower; thus, acebutolol administration and binding reduces resting heart rate, cardiac output, afterload, blood pressure and orthostatic hypotension. By prolonging diastolic time, it can prevent re-infarction. Clinically, it is used to increase atrioventricular block to treat supraventricular dysrhythmias. Acebutolol also reduce sympathetic activity and is used to treat hypertension, angina, migraine headaches, and hypertrophic subaortic stenosis.
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SMP0143612View Pathway |
Acebutolol Drug Metabolism Action Pathway |
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Showing 21 -
30 of 4295 pathways