Gγ
Gγ
AKT1
Serum response
factor
ROCK1
Inositol 1,4,5-
trisphosphate
receptor type 1
Gαs
Gβ
Gβ
LPAR4
LPAR4
Inositol 1,4,5-
trisphosphate
Ca+
Ca+
ATP
cAMP
PPi
H2O
Adenylyl
cyclase
Ras
RAF
MEK
MAPK
PI3K
Rac
NF-κB
Rho
PLC
1,2-diacyl-
sn-glycerol
PKC
Lysophosphatidic
acid
phosphatidylinositol
4,5-
bisphosphate
Gαi/o
Gα12/13
Gαq/11
Gα
Gα
Lysophosphatidic
acid
Magnesium
Phospholipid
Biosynthesis
Magnesium
Calcium
GTP
GTP
GTP
↑ Antigen presentation,
pro-inflammatory cytokines,
cell adhesion molecules,
chemotactic factors
GDP
GTP
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Calcium Ion Channel
Nucleus
MAPK/ERK Pathway
PI3K-Akt Pathway
Cytoplasm
Types of Gα subunits
Cell Membrane