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Pathway Description
Malonic Aciduria
Homo sapiens
Disease Pathway
Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase deficiency, also called malonic aciduria, is a rare inborn error of metabolism (IEM) and autosomal recessive disorder caused by a defective MLYCD gene. The MLYCD gene codes for the protein malonyl-CoA decarboxylase which regulates the creation and degradation of fatty acids. This disorder is characterized by a large accumulation of fatty acid byproducts in the tissues. Symptoms of the disorder include delayed development, hypotonia, seizures, vomiting, diarrhea and cardiomyopathy. Treatment with L-carnitine is very effective, as it encourages beta-oxidation of fatty acids. Less than 30 cases globally have ever been reported, making this disorder extremely rare.
References
Malonic Aciduria References
[Uniprot: O95822](http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O95822)
[OMIM: Entry 248360](http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=248360)
Scriver, C., Beaudet, A., Sly, W., Valle, D. The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease (8th ed) (2001) Vol. II:1807-1820 New York: McGraw-Hill.
Engelke, U., van der Graaf, M., Heerschap, A., Hoenderop, S., Moolenaar, S., Morava, E., Wevers, R. Handbook of 1H-NMR spectroscopy in inborn errors of metabolism: body fluid NMR spectroscopy and in vivo MR spectroscopy (2nd ed) (2007) p.62 Heilbronn: SPS Verlagsgesellschaft
Brown GK, Scholem RD, Bankier A, Danks DM: Malonyl coenzyme A decarboxylase deficiency. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1984;7(1):21-6.
Pubmed: 6145813
FitzPatrick DR, Hill A, Tolmie JL, Thorburn DR, Christodoulou J: The molecular basis of malonyl-CoA decarboxylase deficiency. Am J Hum Genet. 1999 Aug;65(2):318-26. doi: 10.1086/302492.
Pubmed: 10417274
Haan EA, Scholem RD, Croll HB, Brown GK: Malonyl coenzyme A decarboxylase deficiency. Clinical and biochemical findings in a second child with a more severe enzyme defect. Eur J Pediatr. 1986 Apr;144(6):567-70.
Pubmed: 3709568
MacPhee GB, Logan RW, Mitchell JS, Howells DW, Tsotsis E, Thorburn DR: Malonyl coenzyme A decarboxylase deficiency. Arch Dis Child. 1993 Oct;69(4):433-6.
Pubmed: 8259873
Ozand PT, Nyhan WL, al Aqeel A, Christodoulou J: Malonic aciduria. Brain Dev. 1994 Nov;16 Suppl:7-11.
Pubmed: 7537025
Propanoate Metabolism References
Lehninger, A.L. Lehninger principles of biochemistry (4th ed.) (2005). New York: W.H Freeman.
Salway, J.G. Metabolism at a glance (3rd ed.) (2004). Alden, Mass.: Blackwell Pub.
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