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Pathway Description
Alvimopan Action Pathway
Homo sapiens
Drug Action Pathway
Alvimopan is prescribed to treat patient opioid-induced constipation, a common side effect of opioid therapy. This side effect results in delayed discharge for hospitalized patients following surgery. Alvimopan helps to increase gastrointestinal recovery following surgery for a shorter hospital stay. Opioids bind opioid receptors in the gut causing inhibition of gut motility which results in constipation. Alvimopan is a peripherally acting mu-opioid antagonist. The drug acts in the gastrointestinal tract by competing to bind the mu-opioid receptor. Alvimopan differs from other peripherally acting mu-receptor antagonists such as, methylnaltrexone, by the presence of a quaternary amine.
References
Alvimopan Pathway References
Itawi EA, Savoie LM, Hanna AJ, Apostolides GY: Alvimopan addition to a standard perioperative recovery pathway. JSLS. 2011 Oct-Dec;15(4):492-8. doi: 10.4293/108680811X13176785204076.
Pubmed: 22643504
Pergolizzi JV Jr, Raffa RB, Pappagallo M, Fleischer C, Pergolizzi J 3rd, Zampogna G, Duval E, Hishmeh J, LeQuang JA, Taylor R Jr: Peripherally acting mu-opioid receptor antagonists as treatment options for constipation in noncancer pain patients on chronic opioid therapy. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2017 Jan 17;11:107-119. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S78042. eCollection 2017.
Pubmed: 28176913
Neuron Function References
Lovinger DM: Communication networks in the brain: neurons, receptors, neurotransmitters, and alcohol. Alcohol Res Health. 2008;31(3):196-214.
Pubmed: 23584863
Kress GJ, Mennerick S: Action potential initiation and propagation: upstream influences on neurotransmission. Neuroscience. 2009 Jan 12;158(1):211-22. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.03.021. Epub 2008 Mar 19.
Pubmed: 18472347
Platkiewicz J, Brette R: A threshold equation for action potential initiation. PLoS Comput Biol. 2010 Jul 8;6(7):e1000850. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000850.
Pubmed: 20628619
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