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Proton
glutamate
symport protein
Sodium/glutamate
symport carrier
protein
D-serine/D-
alanine/glycine
transporter
Glutamate--
cysteine ligase
Glutathione
reductase
Glutathione
S-transferase
Glutathione
S-transferase
Glutathione
S-transferase
Glutathione
S-transferase
Glutathione
synthetase
Glutamate/aspartate
transport
ATP-binding
protein gltL
Glutamate/aspartate
transport
system permease
protein gltK
Glutamate/aspartate
transport
system permease
protein gltJ
Glutamate/aspartate
periplasmic-
binding protein
H
+
H
+
L-Glutamic acid
L-Glutamic acid
L-Glutamic acid
Na
+
Na
+
Glycine
Glycine
H
+
H
+
ATP
L-Cysteine
ADP
P
i
H
+
γ-
Glutamylcysteine
Oxidized
glutathione
H
+
NADPH
NADP
Glutathione
Naphthalene
epoxide
(1R)-
Glutathionyl-
(2R)-hydroxy-
1,2-
dihydronaphthalene
Naphthalene
epoxide
(1R)-Hydroxy-
(2R)-
glutathionyl-
1,2-
dihydronaphthalene
Naphthalene
epoxide
(1S)-Hydroxy-
(2S)-
glutathionyl-
1,2-
dihydronaphthalene
Bromobenzene-
2,3-oxide
2,3-Dihydro-2-
S-glutathionyl-
3-hydroxy
bromobenzene
ATP
H
+
P
i
ADP
L-Glutamic acid
ATP
H
2
O
ADP
P
i
H
+
an oxidized
glutaredoxin
a reduced
glutaredoxin
Outer Membrane
Periplasmic Space
Inner Membrane
Gram-Negative Bacteria
Cytoplasm
Plasmid
gltP
gltS
cycA
gshA
gor
gst
gst
gst
gst
gshB
gltL
gltK
gltJ
gltI
Hydrogen Ion
Hydrogen Ion
L-Glutamic acid
L-Glutamic acid
L-Glutamic acid
Sodium
Sodium
Glycine
Glycine
Hydrogen Ion
Hydrogen Ion
Adenosine
triphosphate
L-Cysteine
Adenosine
diphosphate
Phosphate
Hydrogen Ion
γ-
Glutamylcysteine
Oxidized
glutathione
Hydrogen Ion
NADPH
NADP
Glutathione
Naphthalene
epoxide
(1R)-
Glutathionyl-
(2R)-hydroxy-
1,2-
dihydronaphthalene
Naphthalene
epoxide
(1R)-Hydroxy-
(2R)-
glutathionyl-
1,2-
dihydronaphthalene
Naphthalene
epoxide
(1S)-Hydroxy-
(2S)-
glutathionyl-
1,2-
dihydronaphthalene
Bromobenzene-
2,3-oxide
2,3-Dihydro-2-
S-glutathionyl-
3-hydroxy
bromobenzene
Adenosine
triphosphate
Hydrogen Ion
Phosphate
Adenosine
diphosphate
L-Glutamic acid
Adenosine
triphosphate
Water
Adenosine
diphosphate
Phosphate
Hydrogen Ion
an oxidized
glutaredoxin
a reduced
glutaredoxin