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Pathway Description
Glutathione Metabolism
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Metabolic Pathway
The biosynthesis of glutathione starts with Cysteine and Glutamic acid being combined through a glutamate-cysteine ligase resulting in the release of a hydrogen ion, ADP, a phosphate and Gammaglutamylcysteine. The latter compound reacts with a glycine through an ATP dependent glutathione synthase resulting in the release of hydrogen ion, ADP, a phosphate and a glutathione. Glutathione is degraded into cysteinylglycine through a gamma-glutamyltransferase. Cysteinylglycine reacts with water through a cys-gly metaliodipeptidase resulting in the release of glycine and cysteine. L-cysteine reacts with glutamic acid through a glutamate-cysteine ligase resulting in the release of a hydrogen ion, ADP, a phosphate and Gammaglutamylcysteine. The latter compound reacts with a glycine through an ATP dependent glutathione synthase resulting in the release of hydrogen ion, ADP, a phosphate and a glutathione
References
Glutathione Metabolism References
Elskens MT, Jaspers CJ, Penninckx MJ: Glutathione as an endogenous sulphur source in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Gen Microbiol. 1991 Mar;137(3):637-44. doi: 10.1099/00221287-137-3-637.
Pubmed: 1674526
Grant CM, MacIver FH, Dawes IW: Glutathione is an essential metabolite required for resistance to oxidative stress in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Curr Genet. 1996 May;29(6):511-5.
Pubmed: 8662189
Miyake T, Sammoto H, Kanayama M, Tomochika Ki, Shinoda S, Ono Bi: Role of the sulphate assimilation pathway in utilization of glutathione as a sulphur source by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast. 1999 Oct;15(14):1449-57. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(199910)15:14<1449::AID-YEA469>3.0.CO;2-S.
Pubmed: 10514563
Stephen DW, Jamieson DJ: Amino acid-dependent regulation of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae GSH1 gene by hydrogen peroxide. Mol Microbiol. 1997 Jan;23(2):203-10.
Pubmed: 9044254
Sugiyama K, Izawa S, Inoue Y: The Yap1p-dependent induction of glutathione synthesis in heat shock response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem. 2000 May 19;275(20):15535-40.
Pubmed: 10809786
Ganguli D, Kumar C, Bachhawat AK: The alternative pathway of glutathione degradation is mediated by a novel protein complex involving three new genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics. 2007 Mar;175(3):1137-51. doi: 10.1534/genetics.106.066944. Epub 2006 Dec 18.
Pubmed: 17179087
Jaspers CJ, Penninckx MJ: Glutathione metabolism in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Evidence that gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase is a vacuolar enzyme. Biochimie. 1984 Jan;66(1):71-4.
Pubmed: 6143574
Jaspers CJ, Gigot D, Penninckx MJ: Pathways of glutathione degradation in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Phytochemistry. 1985 Jan 01;24(4):703-707. doi: 10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84880-3.
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