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Pathway Description
Alanine Metabolism
Arabidopsis thaliana
Metabolic Pathway
The alanine biosynthesis starts with hypoxic conditions leading to large amounts of alanine being produced either through reactions in chloroplast, mitochondrion or cytoplasm Alanine concentration decreases after the plants return to normal oxygen conditions. Alanine production can be used by plants to conserve nitrogen and carbon atoms during anaerobic fermentation, otherwise, nitrogen and carbon atoms may be lost. Alanine is degraded and the nitrogen stored is released.
References
Alanine Metabolism References
Igarashi D, Miwa T, Seki M, Kobayashi M, Kato T, Tabata S, Shinozaki K, Ohsumi C: Identification of photorespiratory glutamate:glyoxylate aminotransferase (GGAT) gene in Arabidopsis. Plant J. 2003 Mar;33(6):975-87.
Pubmed: 12631323
Liepman AH, Olsen LJ: Alanine aminotransferase homologs catalyze the glutamate:glyoxylate aminotransferase reaction in peroxisomes of Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 2003 Jan;131(1):215-27. doi: 10.1104/pp.011460.
Pubmed: 12529529
Miyashita Y, Dolferus R, Ismond KP, Good AG: Alanine aminotransferase catalyses the breakdown of alanine after hypoxia in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J. 2007 Mar;49(6):1108-21. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2006.03023.x. Epub 2007 Feb 22.
Pubmed: 17319845
Melo-Oliveira R, Oliveira IC, Coruzzi GM: Arabidopsis mutant analysis and gene regulation define a nonredundant role for glutamate dehydrogenase in nitrogen assimilation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 May 14;93(10):4718-23.
Pubmed: 8643469
Turano FJ, Thakkar SS, Fang T, Weisemann JM: Characterization and expression of NAD(H)-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase genes in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 1997 Apr;113(4):1329-41.
Pubmed: 9112779
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