Arginine and proline metabolism demonstrates the co-metabolism of arginine, ornithine, proline, citrulline and glutamate in mitochondria. Argininosuccinate synthase catalyzes citrulline into argininosuccinic acid with ATP and L-Aspartic acid. Argininosuccinic acid is cleaved by argininosuccinate lyase to generate L-arginine (arginine), which also generated fumaric acid for citric acid cycle. Citrulline can be generated from ornithine by the ornithine carbamoyltransferase at mitochondria; and ornithine can be generated by series of metabolism that is associated with proline dehydrogenase 1 (with cofactor FAD) and pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 2 at mitochondria. Proline is derived from L-glutamatic acid with conversion of L-glutamatic acid to 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid by delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase and NAD; then 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid can converted to L-proline via proline dehydrogenase 1 with cofactor FAD.
References
Arginine and Proline Metabolism References
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