Transaldolase deficiency, also known as Eyaid syndrome or TALDO deficiency, is a desease caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the TALDO1 gene that encodes for transaldolase. The mutation found in one study was a base pair deletion leading to a premature truncation of the protein, preventing its activity in the cell. Other mutations reported in other studies include other deletions or homozygous base pair substitutions that cause a misfolded and non-functional protein. Transaldolase is an enzyme that reversibly converts D-erythrose 4-phosphate and fructose 6-phosphate to D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate and D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, as a part of the pentose phosphate pathway. Almost all affected patients show hepatosplenomegaly, liver dysfunction, low counts for all blood cell types, cardiac defects, and come from consanguinous families. They also show dysmorphic features, including a triangular face, low set ears, and a wide mouth with thin lips. Other signs include abnormal concentrations of polyols in urine and plasma, as well as ribose-, xylulose-, and ribulose-5-phosphate being elevated in urine.

Transaldolase Deficiency References

Pentose Phosphate Pathway References