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Reverse transcriptase protein Solute carrier family 22 member 2 Lamivudine nuclear transporter Lamivudine monophosphate nuclear transporter Phosphoglycerate kinase 1 Deoxycytidine kinase UMP-CMP kinase Lamivudine-triphosphate Lamivudine Lamivudine Lamivudine Lamivudine-monophosphate Lamivudine-monophosphate dCTP Lamivudine-diphosphate ATP ADP ATP ADP ATP ADP Magnesium Viral Proteins Nuclear pore complex protein Nup98-Nup96 Nuclear pore complex Nucleoside diphosphate kinase A Magnesium HIV Infected Cell Integration Nucleus Viral RNA Viral DNA Less Viral DNA is transported into the nucleus, therefore, less viral DNA is integrated into the host DNA. Transcription Translation Less viral proteins produced, fewer viruses can form. Cytosol Lamivudine triphosphate inhibits the activity of reverse transcriptase by competing with its substrate dCTP. Lamivudine triphosphate also gets incorporated into viral DNA, but since it lacks the 3'-OH group which is needed to form the 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage essential for DNA chain elongation, this causes DNA chain termination, preventing the growth of viral DNA. Extracellular Space Viral mRNA Viral mRNA Viral DNA
Nucleus reverse transcriptase SLC22A2 Unknown Unknown PGK1 DCK CMPK1 Lamivudine- triphosphate Lamivudine Lamivudine Lamivudine Lamivudine- monophosphate Lamivudine- monophosphate dCTP Lamivudine- diphosphate Adenosine triphosphate Adenosine diphosphate Adenosine triphosphate Adenosine diphosphate Adenosine triphosphate Adenosine diphosphate Viral Proteins NUP98 Unknown NME1
Nucleus reverse transcriptase SLC22A2 PGK1 DCK CMPK1 LT Lamvudn Lamvudn Lamvudn Lamivud Lamivud dCTP LamvdDP ATP ADP ATP ADP ATP ADP Vir Pro NUP98 NME1