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Pathway Description
Malonic Aciduria
Homo sapiens
Disease Pathway
Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase deficiency, also called malonic aciduria, is a rare inborn error of metabolism (IEM) and autosomal recessive disorder caused by a defective MLYCD gene. The MLYCD gene codes for the protein malonyl-CoA decarboxylase which regulates the creation and degradation of fatty acids. This disorder is characterized by a large accumulation of fatty acid byproducts in the tissues. Symptoms of the disorder include delayed development, hypotonia, seizures, vomiting, diarrhea and cardiomyopathy. Treatment with L-carnitine is very effective, as it encourages beta-oxidation of fatty acids. Less than 30 cases globally have ever been reported, making this disorder extremely rare.
References
Malonic Aciduria References
Scriver, C., Beaudet, A., Sly, W., Valle, D. The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease (8th ed) (2001) Vol. II:1807-1820 New York: McGraw-Hill.
Engelke, U., van der Graaf, M., Heerschap, A., Hoenderop, S., Moolenaar, S., Morava, E., Wevers, R. Handbook of 1H-NMR spectroscopy in inborn errors of metabolism: body fluid NMR spectroscopy and in vivo MR spectroscopy (2nd ed) (2007) p.62 Heilbronn: SPS Verlagsgesellschaft
Brown GK, Scholem RD, Bankier A, Danks DM: Malonyl coenzyme A decarboxylase deficiency. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1984;7(1):21-6. doi: 10.1007/BF01805615.
Pubmed: 6145813
FitzPatrick DR, Hill A, Tolmie JL, Thorburn DR, Christodoulou J: The molecular basis of malonyl-CoA decarboxylase deficiency. Am J Hum Genet. 1999 Aug;65(2):318-26. doi: 10.1086/302492.
Pubmed: 10417274
Haan EA, Scholem RD, Croll HB, Brown GK: Malonyl coenzyme A decarboxylase deficiency. Clinical and biochemical findings in a second child with a more severe enzyme defect. Eur J Pediatr. 1986 Apr;144(6):567-70. doi: 10.1007/BF00496037.
Pubmed: 3709568
MacPhee GB, Logan RW, Mitchell JS, Howells DW, Tsotsis E, Thorburn DR: Malonyl coenzyme A decarboxylase deficiency. Arch Dis Child. 1993 Oct;69(4):433-6. doi: 10.1136/adc.69.4.433.
Pubmed: 8259873
Ozand PT, Nyhan WL, al Aqeel A, Christodoulou J: Malonic aciduria. Brain Dev. 1994 Nov;16 Suppl:7-11. doi: 10.1016/0387-7604(94)90091-4.
Pubmed: 7537025
Lehninger, A.L. Lehninger principles of biochemistry (4th ed.) (2005). New York: W.H Freeman.
Salway, J.G. Metabolism at a glance (3rd ed.) (2004). Alden, Mass.: Blackwell Pub.
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