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Pathway Description
Galactosemia
Homo sapiens
Disease Pathway
Galactosemia (GALT Deficiency; GALT; Galactose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase Deficiency) is a rare genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the GALT gene which codes for galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase. A deficiency in this enzyme results in accumulation of D-galactose and galactitol in plasma and urine; bilirubin, chloride, and galactose-1-phosphate, and transaminases in serum. Symptoms, which present at birth, include jaundice, enlarged liver, anemia, weight loss, and vomiting. Treatment includes galactose-free diet, antibiotics, and vitamin K.
References
Galactosemia References
Engelke, U., van der Graaf, M., Heerschap, A., Hoenderop, S., Moolenaar, S., Morava, E., Wevers, R. Handbook of 1H-NMR spectroscopy in inborn errors of metabolism: body fluid NMR spectroscopy and in vivo MR spectroscopy (2nd ed) (2007) p.41 Heilbronn: SPS Verlagsgesellschaft
DAWSON SP, HICKMAN RO, KELLEY VC: Galactosemia. A genetic study of four generations by enzyme assay. Am J Dis Child. 1960 Jul;100:69-73.
Pubmed: 13814586
Ashino J, Okano Y, Suyama I, Yamazaki T, Yoshino M, Furuyama J, Lin HC, Reichardt JK, Isshiki G: Molecular characterization of galactosemia (type 1) mutations in Japanese. Hum Mutat. 1995;6(1):36-43. doi: 10.1002/humu.1380060108.
Pubmed: 7550229
Elsas LJ, Langley S, Steele E, Evinger J, Fridovich-Keil JL, Brown A, Singh R, Fernhoff P, Hjelm LN, Dembure PP: Galactosemia: a strategy to identify new biochemical phenotypes and molecular genotypes. Am J Hum Genet. 1995 Mar;56(3):630-9.
Pubmed: 7887416
Los E, Ford GA: Galactose 1 Phosphate Uridyltransferase Deficiency.
Pubmed: 28722986
Tang M, Siddiqi A, Witt B, Yuzyuk T, Johnson B, Fraser N, Chen W, Rascon R, Yin X, Goli H, Bodamer OA, Lai K: Subfertility and growth restriction in a new galactose-1 phosphate uridylyltransferase (GALT) - deficient mouse model. Eur J Hum Genet. 2014 Oct;22(10):1172-9. doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2014.12. Epub 2014 Feb 19.
Pubmed: 24549051
Lehninger, A.L. Lehninger principles of biochemistry (4th ed.) (2005). New York: W.H Freeman.
Salway, J.G. Metabolism at a glance (3rd ed.) (2004). Alden, Mass.: Blackwell Pub.
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