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Heme ligase Hemoglobin subunit alpha Hemoglobin subunit beta Hemoglobin subunit alpha Hemoglobin subunit beta Hemoglobin subunit alpha Hemoglobin subunit beta Plasmepsin I Plasmepsin II V-type proton ATPase catalytic subunit A Lumefantrine Lumefantrine Lumefantrine Lumefantrine Lumefantrine Heme β-hematin ATP H2O H+ ADP Pi H+ L-Amino acid Protein degradation pH = 5.0 - 5.4 Digestive vacuole Parasite Erythrocyte Toxic to the parasite Amino acids are used for nutrition and protein synthesis by the parasite Maintains the pH of the vacuole for all enzymes to function Cytosol Lumefantrine is thought to inhibit heme ligase, causing the accumulation of toxic free heme
Vacuole HDP HBA1 HBB HBA1 HBB HBA1 HBB PMI PMII vapA Lumefantrine Lumefantrine Lumefantrine Lumefantrine Lumefantrine Heme β-hematin Adenosine triphosphate Water Hydrogen Ion Adenosine diphosphate Phosphate Hydrogen Ion L-Amino acid Protein degradation
HDP HBA1 HBB HBA1 HBB HBA1 HBB PMI PMII vapA Benflum Benflum Benflum Benflum Benflum Heme β-hemat ATP H2O H+ ADP Pi H+ LAA Pro deg pH = 5.0 - 5.4 Digestive vacuole Parasite Erythrocyte Toxic to the parasite Amino acids are used for nutrition and protein synthesis by the parasite Maintains the pH of the vacuole for all enzymes to function Cytosol Lumefantrine is thought to inhibit heme ligase, causing the accumulation of toxic free heme
Vacuole HDP HBA1 HBB HBA1 HBB HBA1 HBB PMI PMII vapA Benflum Benflum Benflum Benflum Benflum Heme β-hemat ATP H2O H+ ADP Pi H+ LAA Pro deg