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Pathway Description
Amantadine Anti-viral Action Pathway
Homo sapiens
Drug Action Pathway
Amantadine is an antiviral used in the symptomatic treatment of various strains of influenza A virus. It can also be used to treat parkinsonism and drug-induced extrapyramidal reactions. The mechanism of action in the Parkinson's treatment is not known. As an antiviral, Amantadine interacts with the M2 (matrix protein 2) viral protein. This viral protein is an ion channel needed for the viral particule to become uncoated once it is in the host cells. This drug is available as an oral capsule and as a syrup,
References
Amantadine Anti-viral pathway References
Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Guo AC, Lo EJ, Marcu A, Grant JR, Sajed T, Johnson D, Li C, Sayeeda Z, Assempour N, Iynkkaran I, Liu Y, Maciejewski A, Gale N, Wilson A, Chin L, Cummings R, Le D, Pon A, Knox C, Wilson M: DrugBank 5.0: a major update to the DrugBank database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D1074-D1082. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1037.
Pubmed: 29126136
Wang C, Takeuchi K, Pinto LH, Lamb RA: Ion channel activity of influenza A virus M2 protein: characterization of the amantadine block. J Virol. 1993 Sep;67(9):5585-94. doi: 10.1128/JVI.67.9.5585-5594.1993.
Pubmed: 7688826
Jing X, Ma C, Ohigashi Y, Oliveira FA, Jardetzky TS, Pinto LH, Lamb RA: Functional studies indicate amantadine binds to the pore of the influenza A virus M2 proton-selective ion channel. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10967-72. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0804958105. Epub 2008 Jul 31.
Pubmed: 18669647
Wang J, Cady SD, Balannik V, Pinto LH, DeGrado WF, Hong M: Discovery of spiro-piperidine inhibitors and their modulation of the dynamics of the M2 proton channel from influenza A virus. J Am Chem Soc. 2009 Jun 17;131(23):8066-76. doi: 10.1021/ja900063s.
Pubmed: 19469531
Lear JD: Proton conduction through the M2 protein of the influenza A virus; a quantitative, mechanistic analysis of experimental data. FEBS Lett. 2003 Sep 18;552(1):17-22. doi: 10.1016/s0014-5793(03)00778-6.
Pubmed: 12972146
Salom D, Hill BR, Lear JD, DeGrado WF: pH-dependent tetramerization and amantadine binding of the transmembrane helix of M2 from the influenza A virus. Biochemistry. 2000 Nov 21;39(46):14160-70. doi: 10.1021/bi001799u.
Pubmed: 11087364
Kausar S, Said Khan F, Ishaq Mujeeb Ur Rehman M, Akram M, Riaz M, Rasool G, Hamid Khan A, Saleem I, Shamim S, Malik A: A review: Mechanism of action of antiviral drugs. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2021 Jan-Dec;35:20587384211002621. doi: 10.1177/20587384211002621.
Pubmed: 33726557
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