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D(2) dopamine receptor Voltage- dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A Voltage- dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 Voltage- dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-2 Sodium- dependent dopamine transporter Synaptic vesicular amine transporter Aromatic-L- amino-acid decarboxylase Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase Guanine nucleotide- binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short Dopamine Ca+ Sulpiride Ca+ Dopamine Dopamine Sulpiride L-Dopa CO2 L-Tyrosine Tetrahydrobiopterin O2 Dihydrobiopterin H2O Na+ Na+ Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate GDP Gi signaling cascade Fe2+ Cytosol Postsynaptic Neuron Presynaptic Neuron Cytosol Synaptic Vesicle Synapse Sulpiride is a D2 receptor antagonist. D2 receptors in the mesolimbic pathway are responsible for producing the positive symptoms in schizophrenia ↓ Positive, negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia Excess dopamine in the brain triggers positive symptoms of schizophrenia Brain Mesolimbic pathway Blood vessel - blood brain barrier Sulpiride is taken orally and absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract passive diffusion
DRD2 CACNA1A CACNB1 CACNA2D2 SLC6A3 SLC18A2 DDC TH GNAS Dopamine Calcium Sulpiride Calcium Dopamine Dopamine Sulpiride L-Dopa Carbon dioxide L-Tyrosine Tetrahydrobiopterin Oxygen Dihydrobiopterin Water Sodium Sodium Guanosine diphosphate Gi signaling cascade
DRD2 CACNA1A CACNB1 CACNA2D2 SLC6A3 SLC18A2 DDC TH GNAS LDP Ca+ Sulpiri Ca+ LDP LDP Sulpiri L-Dopa CO2 Tyr BH4 O2 BH3 H2O Na+ Na+ Pyr-5'P GDP Gi si c Fe2+ Cytosol Postsynaptic Neuron Presynaptic Neuron Cytosol Synaptic Vesicle Synapse Sulpiride is a D2 receptor antagonist. D2 receptors in the mesolimbic pathway are responsible for producing the positive symptoms in schizophrenia ↓ Positive, negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia Excess dopamine in the brain triggers positive symptoms of schizophrenia Brain Mesolimbic pathway Blood vessel - blood brain barrier Sulpiride is taken orally and absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract passive diffusion
DRD2 CACNA1A CACNB1 CACNA2D2 SLC6A3 SLC18A2 DDC TH GNAS LDP Ca2+ Sulpiri Ca2+ LDP LDP Sulpiri L-Dopa CO2 Tyr BH4 O2 BH3 H2O Na+ Na+ GDP Gi si c