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D(2) dopamine receptor Voltage- dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A Voltage- dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 Voltage- dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-2 Sodium- dependent dopamine transporter Synaptic vesicular amine transporter Aromatic-L- amino-acid decarboxylase Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase Guanine nucleotide- binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short Dopamine Ca+ Loxapine Ca+ Dopamine Dopamine Loxapine L-Dopa CO2 L-Tyrosine Tetrahydrobiopterin O2 Dihydrobiopterin H2O Na+ Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate GDP Na+ Gi signaling cascade Fe2+ Cytosol Postsynaptic Neuron Presynaptic Neuron Cytosol Synaptic Vesicle Synapse Loxapine is a D2 receptor antagonist. It also acts on D2 and 5HT2A receptors ↓ Positive, negative and cognitive symptoms of psychosis Excess dopamine in the brain triggers positive symptoms of schizophrenia Brain Mesolimbic pathway Blood vessel - blood brain barrier Loxapine is taken orally and absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract passive diffusion
DRD2 CACNA1A CACNB1 CACNA2D2 SLC6A3 SLC18A2 DDC TH GNAS Dopamine Calcium Loxapine Calcium Dopamine Dopamine Loxapine L-Dopa Carbon dioxide L-Tyrosine Tetrahydrobiopterin Oxygen Dihydrobiopterin Water Sodium Guanosine diphosphate Sodium Gi signaling cascade
DRD2 CACNA1A CACNB1 CACNA2D2 SLC6A3 SLC18A2 DDC TH GNAS LDP Ca+ Loxapin Ca+ LDP LDP Loxapin L-Dopa CO2 Tyr BH4 O2 BH3 H2O Na+ Pyr-5'P GDP Na+ Gi si c Fe2+ Cytosol Postsynaptic Neuron Presynaptic Neuron Cytosol Synaptic Vesicle Synapse Loxapine is a D2 receptor antagonist. It also acts on D2 and 5HT2A receptors ↓ Positive, negative and cognitive symptoms of psychosis Excess dopamine in the brain triggers positive symptoms of schizophrenia Brain Mesolimbic pathway Blood vessel - blood brain barrier Loxapine is taken orally and absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract passive diffusion
DRD2 CACNA1A CACNB1 CACNA2D2 SLC6A3 SLC18A2 DDC TH GNAS LDP Ca2+ Loxapin Ca2+ LDP LDP Loxapin L-Dopa CO2 Tyr BH4 O2 BH3 H2O Na+ GDP Na+ Gi si c