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D(2) dopamine receptor Voltage- dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A Voltage- dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 Voltage- dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-2 Sodium- dependent dopamine transporter Synaptic vesicular amine transporter Aromatic-L- amino-acid decarboxylase Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase Dopamine Ca+ Ca+ Dopamine Dopamine Prochlorperazine Prochlorperazine L-Dopa CO2 L-Tyrosine Tetrahydrobiopterin O2 Dihydrobiopterin H2O Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate Gi signaling cascade Fe2+ Cytosol Postsynaptic Neuron Presynaptic Neuron Cytosol Synaptic Vesicle Synapse Prochlorperazine is a D2 receptor antagonist in the limbic system. ↓ Positive, negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia Excess dopamine in the brain triggers positive symptoms of schizophrenia Brain Mesolimbic pathway Blood vessel - blood brain barrier presynaptic neuron arising from ventral tegmental area Postsynaptic neuron arising from nucleus accumbens Passive diffusion Prochlorperazine is taken orally and absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract when action potential arrives to the nerve terminal, calcium channels open causing influx of calcium ions which trigger the release of dopamine via exocytosis. Prochlorperazine also acts as an antagonist to D2 receptors present in the vagus nerves from brain to gut
DRD2 CACNA1A CACNB1 CACNA2D2 SLC6A3 SLC18A2 DDC TH Dopamine Calcium Calcium Dopamine Dopamine Prochlorperazine Prochlorperazine L-Dopa Carbon dioxide L-Tyrosine Tetrahydrobiopterin Oxygen Dihydrobiopterin Water Gi signaling cascade
DRD2 CACNA1A CACNB1 CACNA2D2 SLC6A3 SLC18A2 DDC TH LDP Ca+ Ca+ LDP LDP Chlorpe Chlorpe L-Dopa CO2 Tyr BH4 O2 BH3 H2O Pyr-5'P Gi si c Fe2+ Cytosol Postsynaptic Neuron Presynaptic Neuron Cytosol Synaptic Vesicle Synapse Prochlorperazine is a D2 receptor antagonist in the limbic system. ↓ Positive, negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia Excess dopamine in the brain triggers positive symptoms of schizophrenia Brain Mesolimbic pathway Blood vessel - blood brain barrier presynaptic neuron arising from ventral tegmental area Postsynaptic neuron arising from nucleus accumbens Passive diffusion Prochlorperazine is taken orally and absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract when action potential arrives to the nerve terminal, calcium channels open causing influx of calcium ions which trigger the release of dopamine via exocytosis. Prochlorperazine also acts as an antagonist to D2 receptors present in the vagus nerves from brain to gut
DRD2 CACNA1A CACNB1 CACNA2D2 SLC6A3 SLC18A2 DDC TH LDP Ca2+ Ca2+ LDP LDP Chlorpe Chlorpe L-Dopa CO2 Tyr BH4 O2 BH3 H2O Gi si c