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Pathway Description
Sulfaphenazole Action Pathway
Mycobacterium leprae
Drug Action Pathway
Sulfaphenazole is a synthetic antibacterial from the sulfonamide drug class. This drug is indicated for the treatment of many different bacterial infections like leprosy. It is used in humans and many animals. Sulfaphenazole acts as a competitive inhibitor of dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS). This enzyme does the condensation of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and dihydropteroate diphosphate. This reaction, and the ones following, results in the synthesis of folate. Folate is an important molecule for the growth of the bacteria. The inhibition of their synthesis results in the inhibition of their growth and, in the long term, their death.
References
Sulfaphenazole Pathway References
Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Guo AC, Lo EJ, Marcu A, Grant JR, Sajed T, Johnson D, Li C, Sayeeda Z, Assempour N, Iynkkaran I, Liu Y, Maciejewski A, Gale N, Wilson A, Chin L, Cummings R, Le D, Pon A, Knox C, Wilson M: DrugBank 5.0: a major update to the DrugBank database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D1074-D1082. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1037.
Pubmed: 29126136
Hong YL, Hossler PA, Calhoun DH, Meshnick SR: Inhibition of recombinant Pneumocystis carinii dihydropteroate synthetase by sulfa drugs. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995 Aug;39(8):1756-63. doi: 10.1128/AAC.39.8.1756.
Pubmed: 7486915
Friaza V, Morilla R, Respaldiza N, de la Horra C, Calderon EJ: Pneumocystis jiroveci dihydropteroate synthase gene mutations among colonized individuals and Pneumocystis pneumonia patients from Spain. Postgrad Med. 2010 Nov;122(6):24-8. doi: 10.3810/pgm.2010.11.2219.
Pubmed: 21084778
Thijssen HH: A simplified radioassay method of dihydropteroate synthetase activity in Escherichia coli and its application for an inhibition study of p-aminobenzoi acid derivatives. Anal Biochem. 1973 Jun;53(2):579-85. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(73)90109-7.
Pubmed: 4577373
Turner CT, Pawluk M, Bolsoni J, Zeglinski MR, Shen Y, Zhao H, Ponomarev T, Richardson KC, West CR, Papp A, Granville DJ: Sulfaphenazole reduces thermal and pressure injury severity through rapid restoration of tissue perfusion. Sci Rep. 2022 Jul 23;12(1):12622. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-16512-9.
Pubmed: 35871073
Odegaard SA: Pharmacokinetics of sulfaphenazole in sheep. Acta Vet Scand. 1986;27(2):243-9. doi: 10.1186/BF03548168.
Pubmed: 3799400
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