PathWhiz

PathWhiz ID	Pathway	Meta Data
PW002537 View Pathway	metabolic Isoleucine Biosynthesis Arabidopsis thaliana Isoleucine biosynthesis begins with L-threonine from the threonine biosynthesis pathway. L-threonine interacts with a threonine dehydratase biosynthetic releasing water, a hydrogen ion and (2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate. This compound is isomerized into a 2-iminobutanoate which interacts with water and a hydrogen ion spontaneously, resulting in the release of ammonium and 2-ketobutyric acid. This compound reacts with pyruvic acid and hydrogen ion through an acetohydroxybutanoate synthase / acetolactate synthase 2 resulting in carbon dioxide and (S)-2-Aceto-2-hydroxybutanoic acid. The latter compound is reduced by an NADPH driven acetohydroxy acid isomeroreductase releasing NADP and acetohydroxy acid isomeroreductase. The latter compound is dehydrated by a dihydroxy acid dehydratase resulting in 3-methyl-2-oxovaleric acid.This compound reacts in a reversible reaction with L-glutamic acid through a Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase resulting in oxoglutaric acid and L-isoleucine. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: miguel ramirez Created On: May 04, 2016 at 17:09 Last Updated: May 04, 2016 at 17:09
PW002476 View Pathway	metabolic Isoleucine Biosynthesis Saccharomyces cerevisiae Isoleucine biosynthesis begins with L-threonine from the threonine biosynthesis pathway. L-threonine interacts with a threonine dehydratase biosynthetic releasing water, a hydrogen ion and (2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate. This compound is isomerized into a 2-iminobutanoate which interacts with water and a hydrogen ion spontaneously, resulting in the release of ammonium and 2-ketobutyric acid. This compound reacts with pyruvic acid and hydrogen ion through an acetohydroxybutanoate synthase / acetolactate synthase 2 resulting in carbon dioxide and (S)-2-Aceto-2-hydroxybutanoic acid. The latter compound is reduced by an NADPH driven acetohydroxy acid isomeroreductase releasing NADP and acetohydroxy acid isomeroreductase. The latter compound is dehydrated by a dihydroxy acid dehydratase resulting in 3-methyl-2-oxovaleric acid.This compound reacts in a reversible reaction with L-glutamic acid through a Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase resulting in oxoglutaric acid and L-isoleucine. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: miguel ramirez Created On: February 19, 2016 at 13:44 Last Updated: February 19, 2016 at 13:44
PW273333 View Pathway	metabolic Isoleucine Degradation Streptomyces avermitilis Isoleucine degradation is a vital metabolic process that breaks down the essential amino acid isoleucine into intermediates that feed into the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, facilitating energy production and various biosynthetic pathways. This pathway involves multiple enzymatic steps that convert isoleucine into acetyl-CoA and propionyl-CoA, key molecules for cellular metabolism. These reactions help in generating energy and providing building blocks for the synthesis of other important compounds. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Julia Wakoli Created On: June 11, 2024 at 15:35 Last Updated: June 11, 2024 at 15:35
PW002538 View Pathway	metabolic Isoleucine Degradation Arabidopsis thaliana The degradation of isoleucine starts either in the mitochondria or the cytosol. L-isoleucine reacts with 2-oxoglutarate through a branch-chain amino acid aminotransferase resulting in the release of L-glutamate and 3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate. The latter compound reacts with 2-oxoisovalerate carboxy-lyase resulting in the release of carbon dioxide and methylbutanoyl. Methylbutanol reacts with oxidized flavoproteins resulting in the release of a reduced flavoprotein and tiglyl-CoA. The latter then reacts with water resulting in the release of 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA. The latter compound reacts with NAD resulting in the release of NADH, hydrogen ion and 2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA. The latter then reacts with a Coenzyme A resulting in the release of propanoyl-CoA and acetyl-CoA. This degradation pathways may be an important detoxification mechanism to prevent the build up of branched chain aminoacids and their derived alpha-keto acids which are cytotoxic. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: miguel ramirez Created On: May 05, 2016 at 09:58 Last Updated: May 05, 2016 at 09:58
PW002491 View Pathway	metabolic Isoleucine Degradation Saccharomyces cerevisiae The degradation of isoleucine starts either in the mitochondria or the cytosol. L-isoleucine reacts with 2-oxoglutarate through a branch-chain amino acid aminotransferase resulting in the release of L-glutamate and 3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate. The latter compound reacts with 2-oxoisovalerate carboxy-lyase resulting in the release of carbon dioxide and methylbutanal. Methylbutanal can then be turned into methylbutanol through a alcohol dehydrogenase BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: miguel ramirez Created On: February 29, 2016 at 15:27 Last Updated: February 29, 2016 at 15:27
PW145747 View Pathway	drug action Isometheptene Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 16:32 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 16:32
PW176485 View Pathway	metabolic Isometheptene Predicted Metabolism Pathway Homo sapiens Metabolites of Isometheptene are predicted with biotransformer. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Omolola Created On: December 13, 2023 at 10:29 Last Updated: December 13, 2023 at 10:29
PW132346 View Pathway	metabolic Isoniazid Drug Metabolism Homo sapiens Isoniazid is a drug that is not metabolized by the human body as determined by current research and biotransformer analysis. Isoniazid passes through the liver and is then excreted from the body mainly through the kidney. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: September 21, 2023 at 21:03 Last Updated: September 21, 2023 at 21:03
PW145050 View Pathway	drug action Isoniazid Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 14:59 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 14:59
PW122375 View Pathway	metabolic Isoniazid Metabolism Mus musculus Isoniazid is an antibiotic drug used to treat tunerculosis, as well as other types of mycobacteria. Through a currently unknown reaction that may be spontaneous or enzymatic, pyruvic acid or oxoglutaric acid can undergo a dehydration reaction with isoniazid, forming isoniazid pyruvate or isoniazid alpha-ketoglutaric acid. Isoniazid may also react with hydrogen peroxide in the lysosome, forming an isonicotinoyl radical catalyzed by myeloperoxidase. The isonicotinoyl radical can then have either NAD or NADP added in a non-enzymatic reaction, forming isonicotinoyl-NAD and NADP adducts. Isoniazid can have an acetyl group added to it by arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2, fvorming acetylisoniazid. This can then enter the endoplasmic reticulum and, with the addition of a water molecule, can form isonicotinic acid and acetylhydrazine. Isoniazid can also be converted to hydrazine and isonicotinic acid via the same reaction, and the hydrazine can have an acetyl group added to it by arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 in order to form acetylhydrazine. Acetylhydrazine can have another acetyl group added to it by arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 to form diacetylhydrazine which is then excreted. It can alternatively be processed by cytochrome P450 2E1 into hepatotoxins, which are then joined to glutatione by glutatione S-transferase omega-2 to form R-S-glutatione, which is then excreted. Finally, isonicotinic acid can react with a glycine in an unclear reaction, potentially requiring ATP and coenzyme A and forming an intermediate, producing isonicotinylglycine, which is also excreted. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Eponine Oler Created On: March 11, 2019 at 15:07 Last Updated: March 11, 2019 at 15:07