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PathWhiz ID Pathway Meta Data

PW123933

Pw123933 View Pathway
metabolic

Terpenoid Backbone Biosynthesis

Drosophila melanogaster
From glycolysis and the mevalonate pathway, diphosphomevalonic acid can be reacted with ATP to produce isopentenyl diphosphate which can be used in many reactions due to it's phosphate groups. Isopentenyl can be converted into geranyl pyrophosphate through two different paths, with one having an intermediate of dimethylallylpyrophosphate. Geranyl pyrophosphate itself can be used in monoterpenoid biosynthesis but more importantly, it can converted into (E,E)- farnesyl diphosphate through farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase. With (E,E)-farnesyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate, many reactions can take place depending on the number of substrates are used and how many phosphate groups are to be transferred. The products from the reactions are usually substrates for other biosynthesis pathways like N-glycan biosynthesis, carotenoid biosynthesis, diterpenoid biosynthesis, steroid biosynthesis and ubiquinone and other terpenoid quinone biosynthesis pathways. (E,E) farnesyl diphosphate can also be combined with a cysteine protein to make S-farnesyl protein. S-Farnesyl protein can have the c-terminal removed and then can be trans methylated by S-adenosylmethionine to eventually make farnesylcysteine. Through unknown processes farnesylcysteine can be converted can converted back to (E,E) farnesyl diphosphate, but not all the enzymes are known yet.

PW002485

Pw002485 View Pathway
metabolic

Terpenoid Backbone Biosynthesis

Saccharomyces cerevisiae
The biosynthesis of steroids begins with acetyl coa being turned into acetoacetyl through a acetoacetyl CoA thiolase. Acetoacetyl -CoA reacts with an acetyl-CoA and water through a 3-hydroxy 3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase resulting in the release of coenzyme A, hydrogen ion and (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA. The latter compound reacts with NADPH and a hydrogen ion through a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A resulting in the release of coenzyme A , NADP and mevalonate. Mevalonate is then phosphorylated through an ATP driven kinase mevalonate kinase resulting in the release of ADP, hydrogen ion and mevalonate 5-phosphate. The latter compound is phosphorylated through an ATP driven kinase, phosphomevalonate kinase resulting in the release of ADP and mevalonate diphosphate. This latter compound then reacts with an ATP driven mevalonate diphosphate decarboxylase resulting in the release of ADP, carbon dioxide, a phosphate and a isopentenyl diphosphate. The latter compound can be isomerized into dimethylallyl diphosphate or reacth with a dimethylallyl diphosphate to produce geranyl diphosphate. Geranyl diphosphate reacts with a isopentenyl through a farnesyl diphosphate synthase resulting in the release of diphosphate and farnesyl diphosphate. Farnesyl diphosphate has three different fates: 1.-Producing hexaprenyl diphosphate in the mitocondrial inner membrane by reacting with 3 isopentenyl diphosphate 2.-Producing geranylgeranyl diphosphate in the cytoplasm by reacting with one isopentenyl diphosphate 3.-Producing a dolichol precursor in the ER by reacting with 13 isopentenyl diphosphates.

PW122261

Pw122261 View Pathway
metabolic

Terpenoid Backbone Biosynthesis 1540198538

Saccharomyces cerevisiae
The biosynthesis of steroids begins with acetyl coa being turned into acetoacetyl through a acetoacetyl CoA thiolase. Acetoacetyl -CoA reacts with an acetyl-CoA and water through a 3-hydroxy 3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase resulting in the release of coenzyme A, hydrogen ion and (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA. The latter compound reacts with NADPH and a hydrogen ion through a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A resulting in the release of coenzyme A , NADP and mevalonate. Mevalonate is then phosphorylated through an ATP driven kinase mevalonate kinase resulting in the release of ADP, hydrogen ion and mevalonate 5-phosphate. The latter compound is phosphorylated through an ATP driven kinase, phosphomevalonate kinase resulting in the release of ADP and mevalonate diphosphate. This latter compound then reacts with an ATP driven mevalonate diphosphate decarboxylase resulting in the release of ADP, carbon dioxide, a phosphate and a isopentenyl diphosphate. The latter compound can be isomerized into dimethylallyl diphosphate or reacth with a dimethylallyl diphosphate to produce geranyl diphosphate. Geranyl diphosphate reacts with a isopentenyl through a farnesyl diphosphate synthase resulting in the release of diphosphate and farnesyl diphosphate. Farnesyl diphosphate has three different fates: 1.-Producing hexaprenyl diphosphate in the mitocondrial inner membrane by reacting with 3 isopentenyl diphosphate 2.-Producing geranylgeranyl diphosphate in the cytoplasm by reacting with one isopentenyl diphosphate 3.-Producing a dolichol precursor in the ER by reacting with 13 isopentenyl diphosphates.

PW132264

Pw132264 View Pathway
metabolic

Terpin hydrate Drug Metabolism

Homo sapiens
Terpin hydrate is a drug that is not metabolized by the human body as determined by current research and biotransformer analysis. Terpin hydrate passes through the liver and is then excreted from the body mainly through the kidney.

PW146598

Pw146598 View Pathway
drug action

Terpin hydrate Drug Metabolism Action Pathway

Homo sapiens

PW000996

Pw000996 View Pathway
signaling

Test

Homo sapiens
Testing Pathwhiz

PW122370

Pw122370 View Pathway
signaling

Test

Test

PW027313

Pw027313 View Pathway
metabolic

test

Bos taurus

PW123970

Pw123970 View Pathway
signaling

test

Mus musculus

PW012872

Pw012872 View Pathway
metabolic

Test

Arabidopsis thaliana