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Pathway Description
Tryptophan Metabolism II
Escherichia coli
Metabolic Pathway
The biosynthesis of L-tryptophan begins with L-glutamine interacting with a chorismate through a anthranilate synthase which results in a L-glutamic acid, a pyruvic acid, a hydrogen ion and a 2-aminobenzoic acid. The aminobenzoic acid interacts with a phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate through an anthranilate synthase component II resulting in a pyrophosphate and a N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate. The latter compound is then metabolized by an indole-3-glycerol phosphate synthase / phosphoribosylanthranilate isomerase resulting in a 1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate. This compound then interacts with a hydrogen ion through a indole-3-glycerol phosphate synthase / phosphoribosylanthranilate isomerase resulting in the release of carbon dioxide, a water molecule and a (1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate. The latter compound then interacts with a D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and an Indole. The indole interacts with an L-serine through a tryptophan synthase, β subunit dimer resulting in a water molecule and an L-tryptophan.
The metabolism of L-tryptophan starts with L-tryptophan being dehydrogenated by a tryptophanase / L-cysteine desulfhydrase resulting in the release of a hydrogen ion, an Indole and a 2-aminoacrylic acid. The latter compound is isomerized into a 2-iminopropanoate. This compound then interacts with a water molecule and a hydrogen ion spontaneously resulting in the release of an Ammonium and a pyruvic acid. The pyruvic acid then interacts with a coenzyme A through a NAD driven pyruvate dehydrogenase complex resulting in the release of a NADH, a carbon dioxide and an Acetyl-CoA
References
Tryptophan Metabolism II References
Hommel U, Eberhard M, Kirschner K: Phosphoribosyl anthranilate isomerase catalyzes a reversible amadori reaction. Biochemistry. 1995 Apr 25;34(16):5429-39.
Pubmed: 7727401
Horowitz H, Platt T: Initiation in vivo at the internal trp p2 promoter of Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem. 1983 Jul 10;258(13):7890-3.
Pubmed: 6305961
Lane AN, Kirschner K: Mechanism of the physiological reaction catalyzed by tryptophan synthase from Escherichia coli. Biochemistry. 1991 Jan 15;30(2):479-84.
Pubmed: 1899028
Ogawa W, Kim YM, Mizushima T, Tsuchiya T: Cloning and expression of the gene for the Na+-coupled serine transporter from Escherichia coli and characteristics of the transporter. J Bacteriol. 1998 Dec;180(24):6749-52.
Pubmed: 9852024
Xie G, Keyhani NO, Bonner CA, Jensen RA: Ancient origin of the tryptophan operon and the dynamics of evolutionary change. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2003 Sep;67(3):303-42, table of contents.
Pubmed: 12966138
Yanofsky C: The different roles of tryptophan transfer RNA in regulating trp operon expression in E. coli versus B. subtilis. Trends Genet. 2004 Aug;20(8):367-74. doi: 10.1016/j.tig.2004.06.007.
Pubmed: 15262409
Yanofsky C: RNA-based regulation of genes of tryptophan synthesis and degradation, in bacteria. RNA. 2007 Aug;13(8):1141-54. doi: 10.1261/rna.620507. Epub 2007 Jun 29.
Pubmed: 17601995
Yanofsky C, Horn V, Gollnick P: Physiological studies of tryptophan transport and tryptophanase operon induction in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1991 Oct;173(19):6009-17.
Pubmed: 1917834
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