PathWhiz

PathWhiz ID	Pathway	Meta Data
PW145661 View Pathway	drug action Teicoplanin Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 16:19 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 16:19
PW127527 View Pathway	drug action Telaprevir Action Pathway Homo sapiens Telaprevir is an NS3/4A viral protease inhibitor used in combination with other antivirals for the curative treatment of chronic Hepatitis C Virus infections. Hepatitis C virus lipoviroparticles enter target hepatocytes via receptor-mediated endocytosis. The lipoviroparticles attach to LDL-R and SR-B1, and then the virus binds to CD81 and subsequently claudin-1 and occludin, which mediate the late steps of viral entry. The virus is internalized by clathrin-dependent endocytosis. RNA is released from the mature Hepatitis C virion and translated at the rough endoplasmic reticulum into a single Genome polyprotein. Paritaprevir accumulates in the liver after uptake into hepatocytes via solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1. Paritaprevir inhibits NS3/4A protease, which is an enzyme that cleaves the heptatitis C virus polyprotein downstream of the NS3 proteolytic site, which generates nonstructural proteins NS3, NS4A, NS4B, NS5A, and NS5B. These proteins are required in viral RNA replication, therefore because of the inhibition of their formation, RNA replication cannot occur. Because RNA replication does not occur, the mature virion is unable to form. At higher concentration above their antiviral half-maximal effective concentration (EC50), Paritaprevir and other NS3/4A inhibitors also restore interferon (IFN)-signaling pathways that are thought to be disrupted by NS3/4A protease and recover innate immune processes. NS3/4A protease cleaves two essential adaptor proteins that initiate signaling leading to activation of IFN regulatory factor 3 and IFN-α/β synthesis, which are mitochondrial antiviral-signaling proteins. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: April 06, 2023 at 16:25 Last Updated: April 06, 2023 at 16:25
PW145645 View Pathway	drug action Telaprevir Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 16:17 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 16:17
PW127448 View Pathway	drug action Telavancin Action Pathway Staphylococcus aureus Telavancin is an antibacterial agent used in the treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections and types of hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia. Telavancin is a semi-synthetic derivative of vanocymycin that has bactericidal activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and other gram-positive bacteria. It is used for the treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections (cSSSI) caused by gram-positive bacteria like methicillin-susceptible or -resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecalis, and Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, or Streptococcus anginosus group. It is also used for the treatment of adult patients with hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (VAP), known or suspected to be caused by susceptible isolates of Staphylococcus aureus (including methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant S. aureus). Telavancin prevents polymerization of N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) and N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and cross-linking of peptidoglycan by binding to D-Ala-D-Ala. As a result, inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis occurs. Furthermore, telavancin disrupts membrane potential and cell permeability as a result of the lipophillic side chain moiety. This additional bactericidal mechanism is what sets telavancin apart from vancomycin. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Karxena Harford Created On: February 15, 2023 at 01:16 Last Updated: February 15, 2023 at 01:16
PW145707 View Pathway	drug action Telavancin Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 16:26 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 16:26
PW127466 View Pathway	drug action Telbivudine Action Pathway Homo sapiens Telbivudine is a synthetic thymidine nucleoside analog with specific activity against the hepatitis B virus. It is administered orally. Telbivudine is the unmodified β–L enantiomer of the naturally occurring nucleoside, thymidine. It undergoes phosphorylation via interaction with cellular kinases to form the active metabolite, telbivudine 5'-triphosphate. Telbivudine 5'–triphosphate inhibits HBV DNA polymerase (reverse transcriptase) by competing with the natural substrate, thymidine 5'–triphosphate. This leads to the chain termination of DNA synthesis, thereby inhibiting viral replication. Incorporation of telbivudine 5'–triphosphate into viral DNA also causes DNA chain termination, resulting in inhibition of HBV replication. Telbivudine inhibits anticompliment or second-strand DNA. This causes DNA chain termination, preventing the growth of viral DNA. Less Viral DNA is transported into the nucleus, therefore, less viral DNA is integrated into the host DNA. Less viral proteins produced, fewer viruses can form. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: March 06, 2023 at 17:34 Last Updated: March 06, 2023 at 17:34
PW132383 View Pathway	metabolic Telbivudine Drug Metabolism Homo sapiens Telbivudine is a drug that is not metabolized by the human body as determined by current research and biotransformer analysis. Telbivudine passes through the liver and is then excreted from the body mainly through the kidney. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: September 21, 2023 at 21:24 Last Updated: September 21, 2023 at 21:24
PW145348 View Pathway	drug action Telbivudine Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 15:37 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 15:37
PW000350 View Pathway	drug action Telithromycin Action Pathway Homo sapiens Telithromycin is a semi-synthetic erythromycin derivative. It belongs to the chemical family called ketolides, a group belonging to the macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (MLS) class. Telithromycin prevents bacterial growth by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. Similar to macrolides, telithromycin directly blocks translation of the bacterial 23S ribosomal RNA; however, unlike macrolides, telithromycin also blocks bacterial ribosomal assembly (mechanism not shown). Telithromycin binds to two sites on the 50S ribosomal subunit, domains II and V of the 23S rRNA, whereas macrolides bind only to domain V. The C11-12 carbamate side chain is thought to contribute to a higher binding affinity of telithromycin compared to erythromycin A. In erythromycin A-susceptible bacteria, telithromycin exhibits 10 times greater affinity than erythromycin. Its relative binding affinity is further increased to 25 times greater in macrolide-resistant bacteria strains. This is likely due to the additional binding site on domain II since macrolide resistance occurs as a result of alterations in the domain V binding site. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: WishartLab Created On: August 22, 2013 at 10:45 Last Updated: August 22, 2013 at 10:45
PW128355 View Pathway	drug action Telithromycin Action Pathway Homo sapiens Telithromycin is an oral antibiotic drug that is a semi-synthetic erythromycin derivative. Telithromycin is metabolized in the liver by cytochrome P450 and 3A4 enzymes. Telithromycin penetrates the bacterial cell wall and acts on the ribosomal subunits to interfere with protein synthesis. These compounds act by binding to the 50S subunit of the 70S ribosomal subunit this in turn blocks protein elongation of the bacterial ribosome. Telithromycin binds to domains II and V of the 23S RNA of the 50S subunit of the ribosome. As a result, protein synthesis is inhibited, preventing bacterial growth and this may even kill the bacteria. Common side effects from taking Telithromycin include dizziness, headache, and taste disturbances, with the chance of experiencing more adverse effects such as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, loose stools, abdominal pain, flatulence and dyspepsia. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Selena Created On: August 23, 2023 at 19:05 Last Updated: August 23, 2023 at 19:05