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Ubiquitin-like modifier- activating enzyme 1 Polyubiquitin-B Ubiquitin D Polyubiquitin-C Ubiquitin- conjugating enzyme E2 E1 STIP1 homology and U box-containing protein 1 Ubiquitin-like modifier- activating enzyme 1 Ubiquitin- conjugating enzyme E2 E1 Proteasome subunit alpha type-1 Proteasome subunit alpha type-2 Proteasome subunit alpha type-3 Proteasome subunit alpha type-4 Proteasome subunit alpha type-5 Proteasome subunit alpha type-6 Proteasome subunit alpha type-7 Proteasome subunit beta type-1 Proteasome subunit beta type-2 Proteasome subunit beta type-3 Proteasome subunit beta type-4 Proteasome subunit beta type-5 Proteasome subunit beta type-6 Proteasome subunit beta type-7 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 4 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 7 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 6A 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 6B 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 8 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 10B 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 13 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 4 Polyubiquitin-B Ubiquitin D Polyubiquitin-C Ubiquitin-like modifier- activating enzyme 1 Polyubiquitin-B Ubiquitin D Polyubiquitin-C Polyubiquitin-B Ubiquitin D Polyubiquitin-C Ubiquitin- conjugating enzyme E2 E1 Polyubiquitin-B Ubiquitin D Polyubiquitin-C Polyubiquitin-B Ubiquitin D Polyubiquitin-C Proteasome subunit alpha type-1 Proteasome subunit alpha type-2 Proteasome subunit alpha type-3 Proteasome subunit alpha type-4 Proteasome subunit alpha type-5 Proteasome subunit alpha type-6 Proteasome subunit alpha type-7 Proteasome subunit beta type-1 Proteasome subunit beta type-2 Proteasome subunit beta type-3 Proteasome subunit beta type-4 Proteasome subunit beta type-5 Proteasome subunit beta type-6 Proteasome subunit beta type-7 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 4 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 7 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 6A 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 6B 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 8 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 10B 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 13 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 4 Polyubiquitin-B Ubiquitin D Polyubiquitin-C AMP ATP ADP Adenosine triphosphate Protein Substrates Peptide Protein Substrates Protein Substrates Protein Substrates (This is one example of E2) There are various types of E2, which interact with different types of protein (for more details see reference) (This is one example of E3) There are various types of E3, which interact with different types of proteins (for more details see reference) Multiple Cycles Cytoplasm
Uba1 Ubb Ubd Ubc Ube2e1 Stub1 Uba1 Ube2e1 Psma1 Psma2 Psma3 Psma4 Psma5 Psma6 Psma7 Psmb1 Psmb2 Psmb3 Psmb4 Psmb5 Psmb6 Psmb7 Psmc1 Psmc2 Psmc3 Psmc4 Psmc5 Psmc6 Psmd13 Psmd4 Ubb Ubd Ubc Uba1 Ubb Ubd Ubc Ubb Ubd Ubc Ube2e1 Ubb Ubd Ubc Ubb Ubd Ubc Psma1 Psma2 Psma3 Psma4 Psma5 Psma6 Psma7 Psmb1 Psmb2 Psmb3 Psmb4 Psmb5 Psmb6 Psmb7 Psmc1 Psmc2 Psmc3 Psmc4 Psmc5 Psmc6 Psmd13 Psmd4 Ubb Ubd Ubc Adenosine monophosphate Adenosine triphosphate Adenosine diphosphate Protein Substrates Peptide Protein Substrates Protein Substrates Protein Substrates
Uba1 Ubb Ubd Ubc Ube2e1 Stub1 Uba1 Ube2e1 Psma1 Psma2 Psma3 Psma4 Psma5 Psma6 Psma7 Psmb1 Psmb2 Psmb3 Psmb4 Psmb5 Psmb6 Psmb7 Psmc1 Psmc2 Psmc3 Psmc4 Psmc5 Psmc6 Psmd13 Psmd4 Ubb Ubd Ubc Uba1 Ubb Ubd Ubc Ubb Ubd Ubc Ube2e1 Ubb Ubd Ubc Ubb Ubd Ubc Psma1 Psma2 Psma3 Psma4 Psma5 Psma6 Psma7 Psmb1 Psmb2 Psmb3 Psmb4 Psmb5 Psmb6 Psmb7 Psmc1 Psmc2 Psmc3 Psmc4 Psmc5 Psmc6 Psmd13 Psmd4 Ubb Ubd Ubc AMP ATP ADP ATP PS Peptide PS PS PS (This is one example of E2) There are various types of E2, which interact with different types of protein (for more details see reference) (This is one example of E3) There are various types of E3, which interact with different types of proteins (for more details see reference) Multiple Cycles Cytoplasm
Uba1 Ubb Ubd Ubc Ube2e1 Stub1 Uba1 Ube2e1 Psma1 Psma2 Psma3 Psma4 Psma5 Psma6 Psma7 Psmb1 Psmb2 Psmb3 Psmb4 Psmb5 Psmb6 Psmb7 Psmc1 Psmc2 Psmc3 Psmc4 Psmc5 Psmc6 Psmd13 Psmd4 Ubb Ubd Ubc Uba1 Ubb Ubd Ubc Ubb Ubd Ubc Ube2e1 Ubb Ubd Ubc Ubb Ubd Ubc Psma1 Psma2 Psma3 Psma4 Psma5 Psma6 Psma7 Psmb1 Psmb2 Psmb3 Psmb4 Psmb5 Psmb6 Psmb7 Psmc1 Psmc2 Psmc3 Psmc4 Psmc5 Psmc6 Psmd13 Psmd4 Ubb Ubd Ubc AMP ATP ADP PS Peptide PS PS PS