PathWhiz

PathWhiz ID	Pathway	Meta Data
PW126210 View Pathway	drug action Sitagliptin Action Pathway Homo sapiens Sitagliptin is an oral dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor used for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Sitagliptin is an oral dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor used in conjunction with diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in patients. Inhibition of DPP-4 by sitagliptin slows DPP-4 mediated inactivation of incretins like GLP-1. GLP-1 is then able to go on to stimulate insulin secretion in beta cells. GLP-1 activates GLP-1 receptors on beta cells, triggering the Gs signaling cascade by activating adenylate cyclase to produce cAMP. cAMP activates protein kinase A (PKA) and Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4 (EPAC2). PKA inhibits the ATP-sensitive potassium channel, preventing K+ efflux, leading to an accumulation of K+ ions in the cell causing depolarization of the cell. This depolarization activates the voltage gated L-type calcium channel, causing calcium influx. PKA may also directly activate the voltage gated L-type calcium channel. EPAC2 activates the ryanodine receptor on the endoplasmic reticulum, causing calcium to move from the endoplasmic reticulum and into the cytosol. The high concentration of calcium ions in the cytosol triggers insulin release via exocytosis, lowering blood glucose levels. Sitagliptin may also increase insulin biosynthesis, increase beta cell proliferation, decrease beta cell apoptosis and decrease glucagon secretion since these are also effects mediated by GLP-1. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Karxena Harford Created On: August 26, 2021 at 19:15 Last Updated: August 26, 2021 at 19:15
PW145344 View Pathway	drug action Sitagliptin Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 15:36 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 15:36
PW145697 View Pathway	drug action Sitaxentan Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 16:25 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 16:25
PW176176 View Pathway	metabolic Sitaxentan Predicted Metabolism Pathway new Homo sapiens Metabolites of Sitaxentan are predicted with biotransformer. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Omolola Created On: November 30, 2023 at 10:10 Last Updated: November 30, 2023 at 10:10
PW124281 View Pathway	signaling Sjogren Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Guest: Anonymous Created On: October 25, 2020 at 21:29 Last Updated: October 25, 2020 at 21:29
PW121769 View Pathway	disease Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome (SLOS) Mus musculus The autosomal recessive disorder Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome (SLOS; SLO Syndrome; RSH; Rutledge Lethal Multiple Congenital Anomaly, Syndrome; Polydactyly, Sex Reversal, Renal Hypoplasia, and Unilobar Lung; Lethal Acrodysgenital Syndrome) is characterized by disordered steroid biosynthesis. It results from a mutation in the DHCR7 gene coding for the enzyme sterol delta-7-reducatase. This enzyme catalyzes the production of cholesterol by reducing the C7-C8 double bond of 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC). SLOS causes the accumulation of 7-dehydrocholesterol and 8-dehydrocholesterol, and a decrease of cholesterol in plasma; and 3-methylglutaconic acid in urine. All patients with SLOS have mental retardation, and symptoms include ambiguous genitalia, hypotonia, microcephaly, syndactyly, limb abnormalities and deformities and polydactyly. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ana Marcu Created On: September 10, 2018 at 15:49 Last Updated: September 10, 2018 at 15:49
PW121994 View Pathway	disease Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome (SLOS) Rattus norvegicus The autosomal recessive disorder Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome (SLOS; SLO Syndrome; RSH; Rutledge Lethal Multiple Congenital Anomaly, Syndrome; Polydactyly, Sex Reversal, Renal Hypoplasia, and Unilobar Lung; Lethal Acrodysgenital Syndrome) is characterized by disordered steroid biosynthesis. It results from a mutation in the DHCR7 gene coding for the enzyme sterol delta-7-reducatase. This enzyme catalyzes the production of cholesterol by reducing the C7-C8 double bond of 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC). SLOS causes the accumulation of 7-dehydrocholesterol and 8-dehydrocholesterol, and a decrease of cholesterol in plasma; and 3-methylglutaconic acid in urine. All patients with SLOS have mental retardation, and symptoms include ambiguous genitalia, hypotonia, microcephaly, syndactyly, limb abnormalities and deformities and polydactyly. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ana Marcu Created On: September 10, 2018 at 15:51 Last Updated: September 10, 2018 at 15:51
PW127199 View Pathway	disease Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome (SLOS) Homo sapiens The autosomal recessive disorder Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome (SLOS; SLO Syndrome; RSH; Rutledge Lethal Multiple Congenital Anomaly, Syndrome; Polydactyly, Sex Reversal, Renal Hypoplasia, and Unilobar Lung; Lethal Acrodysgenital Syndrome) is characterized by disordered steroid biosynthesis. It results from a mutation in the DHCR7 gene coding for the enzyme sterol delta-7-reducatase. This enzyme catalyzes the production of cholesterol by reducing the C7-C8 double bond of 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC). SLOS causes the accumulation of 7-dehydrocholesterol and 8-dehydrocholesterol, and a decrease of cholesterol in plasma; and 3-methylglutaconic acid in urine. All patients with SLOS have mental retardation, and symptoms include ambiguous genitalia, hypotonia, microcephaly, syndactyly, limb abnormalities and deformities and polydactyly. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: November 07, 2022 at 14:40 Last Updated: November 07, 2022 at 14:40
PW000095 View Pathway	disease Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome (SLOS) Homo sapiens The autosomal recessive disorder Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome (SLOS; SLO Syndrome; RSH; Rutledge Lethal Multiple Congenital Anomaly, Syndrome; Polydactyly, Sex Reversal, Renal Hypoplasia, and Unilobar Lung; Lethal Acrodysgenital Syndrome) is characterized by disordered steroid biosynthesis. It results from a mutation in the DHCR7 gene coding for the enzyme sterol delta-7-reducatase. This enzyme catalyzes the production of cholesterol by reducing the C7-C8 double bond of 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC). SLOS causes the accumulation of 7-dehydrocholesterol and 8-dehydrocholesterol, and a decrease of cholesterol in plasma; and 3-methylglutaconic acid in urine. All patients with SLOS have mental retardation, and symptoms include ambiguous genitalia, hypotonia, microcephaly, syndactyly, limb abnormalities and deformities and polydactyly. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: WishartLab Created On: August 01, 2013 at 15:52 Last Updated: August 01, 2013 at 15:52
PW126929 View Pathway	physiological Smooth muscle contraction - relaxation Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Guest: Anonymous Created On: May 16, 2022 at 05:03 Last Updated: May 16, 2022 at 05:03