PathWhiz

PathWhiz ID	Pathway	Meta Data
PW145971 View Pathway	drug action Tixocortol Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 17:06 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 17:06
PW126665 View Pathway	drug action Tizanidine Homo sapiens Tizanidine is an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist used for the management of muscle spasm, which may result from the effects of multiple sclerosis, stroke, an acquired brain injury, or a spinal cord injury. Spasticity is an increase in muscle accompanied by uncontrolled, repetitive contractions of skeletal muscles which are involuntary. Activation of alpha-2 adrenergic receptors on the presynaptic spinal motor neurons lead to the activation of Gi signaling cascade. This inhibits adenylyl cyclase and inactivates protein kinase A, thus decreasing calcium ion entry into the cell. Calcium in the cell is responsible for triggering the release of excitatory neurotransmitters such as glutamate (and aspartate) into the synapse. Glutamate acts on AMPA and NMDA receptors on the post synaptic motor neurons. Activation of AMPA receptors causes the influx of sodium in the post synaptic neuron. Activation of NMDA receptors causes an influx of calcium into the post synaptic neuron. The influx of positive ions in the cytosol causing depolarization of the motor neurons which then transmits a signal to muscle, causing muscle contraction/excitation. With reduced calcium entry in the presynaptic neuron, glutamate release is inhibited and less NMDA and AMPA receptors are activated, preventing depolarization of motor neurons and decreasing muscle contractions and spasms. Common adverse effects of taking tizanidine include drowsiness, blurred vision, dry mouth, weakness, constipation, nervousness, dizziness, hallucinations, dyskinesia, rhinitis. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Karxena Harford Created On: February 11, 2022 at 03:46 Last Updated: February 11, 2022 at 03:46
PW144809 View Pathway	drug action Tizanidine Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 14:28 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 14:28
PW176148 View Pathway	metabolic Tizanidine Predicted Metabolism Pathway new Homo sapiens Metabolites of Tizanidine are predicted with biotransformer. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Omolola Created On: November 29, 2023 at 14:19 Last Updated: November 29, 2023 at 14:19
PW123840 View Pathway	signaling TLR Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Guest: Anonymous Created On: March 22, 2020 at 14:58 Last Updated: March 22, 2020 at 14:58
PW123671 View Pathway	signaling TLR2 Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Guest: Anonymous Created On: December 18, 2019 at 10:47 Last Updated: December 18, 2019 at 10:47
PW123841 View Pathway	signaling TLR3 Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Guest: Anonymous Created On: March 22, 2020 at 15:04 Last Updated: March 22, 2020 at 15:04
PW012864 View Pathway	signaling TLR4 pathway Homo sapiens Toll like receptor 4 signalling pathway, induced by LPS binding BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Guest: Anonymous Created On: December 01, 2016 at 03:49 Last Updated: December 01, 2016 at 03:49
PW122390 View Pathway	signaling TLR4 Preconditioning Mus musculus BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Guest: Anonymous Created On: March 19, 2019 at 11:12 Last Updated: March 19, 2019 at 11:12
PW064735 View Pathway	metabolic TLR4-IL-1 IRAK pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Guest: Anonymous Created On: May 10, 2018 at 05:06 Last Updated: May 10, 2018 at 05:06