PathWhiz

PathWhiz ID	Pathway	Meta Data
PW144569 View Pathway	drug action Teniposide Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 13:55 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 13:55
PW000578 View Pathway	drug metabolism Teniposide Metabolism Pathway Homo sapiens Teniposide is a type of chemotherapy drug, derived from the epipodophyllotoxin form the American Mayapple plant. Teniposide is related to etoposide, another anti-cancer drug. It works in a similar way, inhibiting topoisomerase II. This causes single- and double-stranded DNA breaks. These breaks cause cell growth to stop and prevents cancer cells from entering mitosis. It is administered through an intravenous infusion. It is used to treat many cancers such as lymphoma, leukemia (acute lymphocytic), and neuroblastoma. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: WishartLab Created On: September 11, 2013 at 22:32 Last Updated: September 11, 2013 at 22:32
PW176234 View Pathway	metabolic Teniposide Predicted Metabolism Pathway Homo sapiens Metabolites of Teniposide are predicted with biotransformer. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Omolola Created On: December 04, 2023 at 13:02 Last Updated: December 04, 2023 at 13:02
PW000437 View Pathway	drug action Tenofovir Action Pathway Homo sapiens Tenofovir is a nucleotide analogue used in the treatment of HIV and chronic hepatitis B. It is taken up into the cell and is subsequently phosphorylated first by adenylate kinases and then by nucleoside diphosphate kinases into tenofovir diphosphate. Tenofovir diphosphate is an analogue of deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP) and competes with dATP for binding to the viral DNA polymerase and subsequent incorporation into the growing DNA strand. Once incorporated into the DNA, tenofovir causes chain termination, thus preventing viral replication. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: WishartLab Created On: August 22, 2013 at 10:46 Last Updated: August 22, 2013 at 10:46
PW126444 View Pathway	drug action Tenofovir Action Pathway (New) Homo sapiens Tenofovir is a nucleotide analog that has shown to be effective against HIV, herpes simplex virus-2, and hepatitis B virus. When HIV infects a cell, the virus first binds and fuses with the cell, releasing its nucleocapsid containing its RNA and reverse transcriptase into the cytosol of the cell. The reverse transcriptase converts the viral RNA into viral DNA in the cytosol. The viral DNA goes to the nucleus through the nuclear pore complex where it undergoes the process of transcription. The new viral RNA formed from transcription is transported back to the cytosol through the nuclear pore complex and translation occurs to produce viral proteins. These viral proteins are assembled and new HIV viruses bud from the cell. Tenofovir enters the cell via solute carrier family 22 member 8 and is converted into tenofovir monophosphate by adenylate kinase. Nucleoside diphosphate kinase then converts tenofovir monophosphate into tenofovir diphosphate. Tenofovir diphosphate is an analog of deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP). Tenofovir diphosphate inhibits the activity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase by competing with its substrate, dATP and by incorporation into viral DNA. Tenofovir diphosphate lacks the 3'-OH group which is needed to form the 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage essential for DNA chain elongation, therefore, once tenofovir diphosphate gets incorporated into DNA, this causes DNA chain termination, preventing the growth of viral DNA. Less viral proteins are therefore produced, and there is a reduction in new viruses being formed. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Karxena Harford Created On: December 05, 2021 at 22:06 Last Updated: December 05, 2021 at 22:06
PW127479 View Pathway	drug action Tenofovir Alafenamide Action Pathway Homo sapiens Tenofovir alafenamide is a novel tenofovir prodrug nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor developed in order to improve renal safety when compared to the counterpart tenofovir disoproxil. It is used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in adults with compensated liver disease. Both of these prodrugs were first created to cover the polar phosphonic acid group on tenofovir by using a novel oxycarbonyloxymethyl linkers to improve the oral bioavailability and intestinal diffusion. In the liver, tenofovir alafenamide is converted into tenofovir alanine by the enzymes Lysosomal protective protein and Liver carboxylesterase 1.Tenofovir alanine is then converted to Tenofovir by the enzyme Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1. It is then transported into the blood via multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 or Solute carrier family 22 then into the infected cell via the same or similar transporters. Tenofovir is then converted to the active metabolite, tenofovir diphosphate, a chain terminator, by constitutively expressed enzymes in the cell. Tenofovir diphosphate inhibits HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and the Hepatitis B polymerase by direct binding in competition with dATP. After integration into DNA, causes viral DNA chain termination. Tenofovir diphosphate lacks the 3'-OH group which is needed to form the 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage essential for DNA chain elongation, therefore, once tenofovir diphosphate gets incorporated into DNA, this causes DNA chain termination, preventing the growth of viral DNA. Less viral proteins are therefore produced, and there is a reduction in new viruses being formed. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: March 09, 2023 at 15:38 Last Updated: March 09, 2023 at 15:38
PW146077 View Pathway	drug action Tenofovir alafenamide Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 17:21 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 17:21
PW127474 View Pathway	drug action Tenofovir Disoproxil Action Pathway Homo sapiens Tenofovir disoproxil is a prodrug, nucleotide analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor used to treat Hepatitis B infection and used to manage HIV-1 infection. This drug prevents viral DNA chain elongation through inhibition of enzymes necessary for host cell infection viral replication in HIV-1 and Hepatitis B infections. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate is the fumarate salt of the prodrug tenofovir disoproxil. Tenofovir disoproxil is absorbed and converted to its active form, tenofovir, a nucleoside monophosphate (nucleotide) analog. Tenofovir is then converted to the active metabolite, tenofovir diphosphate, a chain terminator, by constitutively expressed enzymes in the cell. Tenofovir diphosphate inhibits HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and the Hepatitis B polymerase by direct binding in competition with dATP. After integration into DNA, causes viral DNA chain termination. Tenofovir diphosphate lacks the 3'-OH group which is needed to form the 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage essential for DNA chain elongation, therefore, once tenofovir diphosphate gets incorporated into DNA, this causes DNA chain termination, preventing the growth of viral DNA. Less viral proteins are therefore produced, and there is a reduction in new viruses being formed. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: March 08, 2023 at 14:17 Last Updated: March 08, 2023 at 14:17
PW144428 View Pathway	drug action Tenofovir disoproxil Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 13:37 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 13:37
PW000606 View Pathway	drug metabolism Tenofovir Metabolism Pathway Homo sapiens Tenofovir is a nucleotide analogue used in the treatment of HIV and chronic hepatitis B. It is taken up into the cell and is subsequently phosphorylated first by adenylate kinases and then by nucleoside diphosphate kinases into tenofovir diphosphate. Tenofovir diphosphate is an analogue of deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP) and competes with dATP for binding to the viral DNA polymerase and subsequent incorporation into the growing DNA strand. Once incorporated into the DNA, tenofovir causes chain termination, thus preventing viral replication. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: WishartLab Created On: September 11, 2013 at 22:33 Last Updated: September 11, 2013 at 22:33