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Pathways

PathWhiz ID Pathway Meta Data

PW337402

Pw337402 View Pathway
metabolic

Xylose Degradation I

Bacteroides stercoris ATCC 43183
Escherichia coli can utilize D-xylose as the sole source of carbon and energy for the cell. A low-affinity proton motive force or a high-affinity ATP-driven (ABC) transport system brings unphosphorylated D-xylose into the cell. Following entry, D-xylose is converted to D-xylulose by an isomerase and then converted to the pentose phosphate pathway intermediate, D-xylulose 5-phosphate via a kinase. D-xylulose 5-phosphate can then enter pathways of metabolism to meet the cells needs.

PW146148

Pw146148 View Pathway
drug action

Xylose Drug Metabolism Action Pathway

Homo sapiens

PW123873

Pw123873 View Pathway
signaling

yap taz

Mus musculus

PW145407

Pw145407 View Pathway
drug action

Yohimbine Drug Metabolism Action Pathway

Homo sapiens

PW176298

Pw176298 View Pathway
metabolic

Yohimbine Predicted Metabolism Pathway

Homo sapiens
Metabolites of Yohimbine are predicted with biotransformer.

PW146580

Pw146580 View Pathway
drug action

Yttrium Y-90 Drug Metabolism Action Pathway

Homo sapiens

PW144666

Pw144666 View Pathway
drug action

Zafirlukast Drug Metabolism Action Pathway

Homo sapiens

PW176359

Pw176359 View Pathway
metabolic

Zafirlukast Predicted Metabolism Pathway

Homo sapiens
Metabolites of sildenafil are predicted with biotransformer.

PW000723

Pw000723 View Pathway
drug action

Zalcitabine Action Pathway

Homo sapiens
Zalcitabine (ddc) is a dideoxynucleoside antiretroviral drug that when used in combination with zidovudine improves the viral load and CD4+ cell count of patients infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1). Zalcitabine is phosphorylated to it’s active form metabolite 2′,3′-dideoxycytidine 5′-triphosphate (ddCTP) in both healthy and infected cells. ddCTP competes with deoxycytidine triphosphate inhibiting the enzyme reverse transcriptase from using the substrates to elongate the viral DNA strand ultimately halting HIV replication.

PW126448

Pw126448 View Pathway
drug action

Zalcitabine Action Pathway (New)

Homo sapiens
Zalcitabine is a dideoxynucleoside used to treat HIV. When HIV infects a cell, the virus first binds and fuses with the cell, releasing its nucleocapsid containing its RNA and reverse transcriptase into the cytosol of the cell. The reverse transcriptase converts the viral RNA into viral DNA in the cytosol. The viral DNA goes to the nucleus through the nuclear pore complex where it undergoes the process of transcription. The new viral RNA formed from transcription is transported back to the cytosol through the nuclear pore complex and translation occurs to produce viral proteins. These viral proteins are assembled and new HIV viruses bud from the cell. Zalcitabine (dideoxycytidine) enters the cell and is converted into dideoxycytidine monophosphate by deoxycytidine kinase. UMP-CMP kinase then converts dideoxycytidine monophosphate into dideoxycytidine diphosphate. Dideoxycytidine diphosphate is metabolized to dideoxycytidine triphosphate via nucleoside diphosphate kinase. Dideoxycytidine triphosphate is an analog of deoxycytidine-5'-triphosphate (dCTP). Dideoxycytidine triphosphate inhibits the activity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase by competing with its substrate, dCTP and by incorporation into viral DNA. Dideoxycytidine triphosphate lacks the 3'-OH group which is needed to form the 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage essential for DNA chain elongation, therefore, once dideoxycytidine triphosphate gets incorporated into DNA, this causes DNA chain termination, preventing the growth of viral DNA. Less viral proteins are therefore produced, and there is a reduction in new viruses being formed.