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Acetyl-CoA
acetyltransferase,
cytosolic
Hydroxymethylglutaryl-
CoA synthase,
cytoplasmic
Mevalonate kinase
Phosphomevalonate
kinase
Diphosphomevalonate
decarboxylase
Isopentenyl-
diphosphate
Delta-isomerase 1
Farnesyl
pyrophosphate
synthase
Geranylgeranyl
pyrophosphate
synthase
Farnesyl
pyrophosphate
synthase
Geranylgeranyl
pyrophosphate
synthase
Squalene synthase
Squalene
monooxygenase
Lanosterol
synthase
Delta(24)-sterol
reductase
Lanosterol
14-alpha
demethylase
Delta(14)-sterol
reductase
Delta(24)-sterol
reductase
Methylsterol
monooxygenase 1
Sterol-4-alpha-
carboxylate
3-dehydrogenase,
decarboxylating
3-keto-steroid
reductase
3-beta-
hydroxysteroid-
Delta(8),Delta(7)-
isomerase
Delta(24)-sterol
reductase
Delta(24)-sterol
reductase
3-beta-
hydroxysteroid-
Delta(8),Delta(7)-
isomerase
3-beta-
hydroxysteroid-
Delta(8),Delta(7)-
isomerase
Lathosterol
oxidase
Delta(24)-sterol
reductase
Delta(24)-sterol
reductase
3-Hydroxy-3-
methylglutaryl-
coenzyme A
reductase
Sterol
O-acyltransferase
1
Lysosomal acid
lipase/cholesteryl
ester hydrolase
Acetoacetyl-CoA
Acetyl-CoA
Cholesterol
CoA
H
2
O
3-Hydroxy-3-
methylglutaryl-
CoA
CoA
Mevalonic acid
ATP
Mevalonic acid-5P
ADP
ATP
ADP
(R)-5-
Diphosphomevalonic
acid
ATP
ADP
P
i
Isopentenyl
pyrophosphate
CO
2
Dimethylallylpyrophosphate
Geranyl-PP
PP
i
Farnesyl
pyrophosphate
PP
i
NADPH
Squalene
NADP
PP
i
O
2
NADPH
(S)-2,3-
Epoxysqualene
H
2
O
NADP
Lanosterol
NADPH
24,25-
Dihydrolanosterol
NADP
O
2
NADPH
4,4-
Dimethylcholesta-
8,14,24-trienol
Formic acid
NADP
H
2
O
NADPH
4,4-Dimethyl-
5a-cholesta-
8,24-dien-3-b- ol
NADP
NADPH
4,4-Dimethyl-
5a-cholesta-8-
en-3b-ol
NADP
NADPH
O
2
4a-
Methylzymosterol-
4-carboxylic acid
NADP
H
2
O
NADP
3-Keto-4-
methylzymosterol
NADPH
CO
2
NADPH
4a-
Methylzymosterol
NADP
Zymosterol
intermediate 2
5a-Cholesta-
7,24-dien-3b-ol
NADPH
5a-Cholest-8-
en-3b-ol
NADP
NADPH
Lathosterol
NADP
7-
Dehydrodesmosterol
7-
Dehydrocholesterol
NADPH
NADP
Desmosterol
NADPH
O
2
NADP
H
2
O
NADPH
NADP
NADPH
NADP
Vitamin D3
8-
Dehydrocholesterol
NADPH
NADP
CoA
Fatty acid
Cholesterol Ester
H
2
O
Fatty acid
H
2
O
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
FAD
FAD
FAD
Iron
Butyrate
Metabolism
Pyruvate
Metabolism
Valine,
Leucine, and
Isoleucine
Degradation
Tryptophan
Metabolism
Pyruvate
Metabolism
Fatty Acid
Metabolism
Steroidogenesis
Bile Acid
Biosynthesis
FAD
Heme
Iron
FAD
FAD
FAD
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Peroxisome
Peroxisome
Intracellular Space
Extracellular Space
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Lysosome
hv
Spontaneous isomeration