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Pyruvate
carboxylase,
mitochondrial
L-lactate
dehydrogenase
A-like 6A
Pyruvate kinase
isozymes R/L
Phosphoenolpyruvate
carboxykinase,
cytosolic [GTP]
Malate
dehydrogenase,
cytoplasmic
NAD-dependent
malic enzyme,
mitochondrial
Probable
D-lactate
dehydrogenase,
mitochondrial
Hydroxyacylglutathione
hydrolase,
mitochondrial
Lactoylglutathione
lyase
Glyoxylate
reductase/hydroxypyruvate
reductase
Aldose
reductase
Aldose
reductase
NADP-dependent
malic enzyme
Dihydrolipoyl
dehydrogenase
E3
Dihydrolipoyl
transacetylase
E2
Acetyl-CoA
carboxylase 1
Acetyl-CoA
acetyltransferase,
mitochondrial
Acyl-coenzyme A
thioesterase 12
Acylphosphatase-
1
Aldehyde
dehydrogenase,
mitochondrial
Acetyl-coenzyme
A synthetase,
cytoplasmic
Acetyl-coenzyme
A synthetase,
cytoplasmic
Pyruvate
dehydrogenase
E1
Dissipation
Pyruvic acid
Oxalacetic acid
Phosphoenolpyruvic acid
Pyruvaldehyde
Acetyl-CoA
Acetoacetyl-CoA
ATP
HCO
3
-
ADP
P
i
Accumulation
L-Lactic acid
NAD
NADH
H
+
ATP
ADP
GTP
GDP
CO
2
L-Malic acid
NAD
NADH
H
+
NAD
CO
2
NADH
H
+
D-Lactic acid
H
+
S-Lactoylglutathione
H
2
O
Glutathione
Glutathione
D-Lactaldehyde
NAD
NADH
H
+
Lactaldehyde
NAD
H
+
NADH
Propylene glycol
NADP
H
+
NADPH
NADP
CO
2
NADPH
Dihydrolipoamide
NAD
Lipoamide
NADH
H
+
S-Acetyldihydrolipoamide-E
Coenzyme A
ATP
HCO
3
-
P
i
ADP
Malonyl-CoA
CoA
CoA
Acetic acid
H
2
O
Acetylphosphate
H
2
O
P
i
Acetaldehyde
NAD
H
2
O
NADH
H
+
ATP
PP
i
Acetyl adenylate
AMP
PP
i
ATP
CO
2
Biotin
Manganese
Magnesium
Potassium
Manganese
Magnesium
Zinc (II) ion
Zinc (II) ion
Manganese
FAD
Biotin
Manganese
Ferricytochrome
c
Ferrocytochrome
c
Nicotinate and
Nicotinamide
Metabolism
Valine,
Leucine, and
Isoleucine
Degradation
Citric Acid
Cycle
Glycolysis
Glycine and
Serine
Metabolism
Propanoate
Metabolism
Ketone Body
Metabolism
Thiamine
pyrophosphate
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
Mitochondrial matrix
Mitochondria
Mitochondrial Matrix