PathBank

Pathway Description

Phospholipid Biosynthesis CL(10:0/15:0/10:0/15:0)

Escherichia coli

Category:

Metabolite Pathway

Sub-Category:

Metabolic

Created: 2015-08-28

Last Updated: 2025-03-17

Phospholipids are membrane components in E. coli. The major phospholipids of E. coli are phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, and cardiolipin. All phospholipids contain sn-glycerol-3-phosphate esterified with fatty acids at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. The reaction starts from a glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate) produced in glycolysis. The glycerone phosphate is transformed into an sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (glycerol 3 phosphate) by NADPH-driven glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate is transformed to a 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (lysophosphatidic acid). This can be achieved by an sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase that interacts either with a long-chain acyl-CoA or with an acyl-[acp]. The 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate is transformed into a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (phosphatidic acid) through a 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase. This compound is then converted into a CPD-diacylglycerol through a CTP phosphatidate cytididyltransferase. CPD-diacylglycerol can be transformed either into an L-1-phosphatidylserine or an L-1-phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate through a phosphatidylserine synthase or a phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, respectively. The L-1-phosphatidylserine transforms into L-1-phosphatidylethanolamine through a phosphatidylserine decarboxylase. On the other hand, L-1-phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate gets transformed into an L-1-phosphatidyl-glycerol through a phosphatidylglycerophosphatase. These 2 products combine to produce a cardiolipin and an ethanolamine. The L-1 phosphatidyl-glycerol can also interact with cardiolipin synthase resulting in a glycerol and a cardiolipin.

References

Phospholipid Biosynthesis CL(10:0/15:0/10:0/15:0) References

Cronan JE Jr, Rock CO: Biosynthesis of Membrane Lipids. EcoSal Plus. 2008 Sep;3(1). doi: 10.1128/ecosalplus.3.6.4.

Pubmed: 26443744

Sofia HJ, Burland V, Daniels DL, Plunkett G 3rd, Blattner FR: Analysis of the Escherichia coli genome. V. DNA sequence of the region from 76.0 to 81.5 minutes. Nucleic Acids Res. 1994 Jul 11;22(13):2576-86. doi: 10.1093/nar/22.13.2576.

Pubmed: 8041620

Blattner FR, Plunkett G 3rd, Bloch CA, Perna NT, Burland V, Riley M, Collado-Vides J, Glasner JD, Rode CK, Mayhew GF, Gregor J, Davis NW, Kirkpatrick HA, Goeden MA, Rose DJ, Mau B, Shao Y: The complete genome sequence of Escherichia coli K-12. Science. 1997 Sep 5;277(5331):1453-62. doi: 10.1126/science.277.5331.1453.

Pubmed: 9278503

Hayashi K, Morooka N, Yamamoto Y, Fujita K, Isono K, Choi S, Ohtsubo E, Baba T, Wanner BL, Mori H, Horiuchi T: Highly accurate genome sequences of Escherichia coli K-12 strains MG1655 and W3110. Mol Syst Biol. 2006;2:2006.0007. doi: 10.1038/msb4100049. Epub 2006 Feb 21.

Pubmed: 16738553

Heath RJ, Rock CO: A missense mutation accounts for the defect in the glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase expressed in the plsB26 mutant. J Bacteriol. 1999 Mar;181(6):1944-6.

Pubmed: 10074094

Lightner VA, Larson TJ, Tailleur P, Kantor GD, Raetz CR, Bell RM, Modrich P: Membrane phospholipid synthesis in Escherichia coli. Cloning of a structural gene (plsB) of the sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyl/transferase. J Biol Chem. 1980 Oct 10;255(19):9413-20.

Pubmed: 6251087

Larson TJ, Lightner VA, Green PR, Modrich P, Bell RM: Membrane phospholipid synthesis in Escherichia coli. Identification of the sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase polypeptide as the plsB gene product. J Biol Chem. 1980 Oct 10;255(19):9421-6.

Pubmed: 6997313

Coleman J: Characterization of the Escherichia coli gene for 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (plsC). Mol Gen Genet. 1992 Mar;232(2):295-303. doi: 10.1007/bf00280009.

Pubmed: 1557036

Icho T, Sparrow CP, Raetz CR: Molecular cloning and sequencing of the gene for CDP-diglyceride synthetase of Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem. 1985 Oct 5;260(22):12078-83.

Pubmed: 2995358

DeChavigny A, Heacock PN, Dowhan W: Sequence and inactivation of the pss gene of Escherichia coli. Phosphatidylethanolamine may not be essential for cell viability. J Biol Chem. 1991 Mar 15;266(8):5323-32.

Pubmed: 2002065

Yamamoto Y, Aiba H, Baba T, Hayashi K, Inada T, Isono K, Itoh T, Kimura S, Kitagawa M, Makino K, Miki T, Mitsuhashi N, Mizobuchi K, Mori H, Nakade S, Nakamura Y, Nashimoto H, Oshima T, Oyama S, Saito N, Sampei G, Satoh Y, Sivasundaram S, Tagami H, Horiuchi T, et al.: Construction of a contiguous 874-kb sequence of the Escherichia coli -K12 genome corresponding to 50.0-68.8 min on the linkage map and analysis of its sequence features. DNA Res. 1997 Apr 28;4(2):91-113. doi: 10.1093/dnares/4.2.91.

Pubmed: 9205837

Li QX, Dowhan W: Structural characterization of Escherichia coli phosphatidylserine decarboxylase. J Biol Chem. 1988 Aug 15;263(23):11516-22.

Pubmed: 3042771

Burland V, Plunkett G 3rd, Sofia HJ, Daniels DL, Blattner FR: Analysis of the Escherichia coli genome VI: DNA sequence of the region from 92.8 through 100 minutes. Nucleic Acids Res. 1995 Jun 25;23(12):2105-19. doi: 10.1093/nar/23.12.2105.

Pubmed: 7610040

Gopalakrishnan AS, Chen YC, Temkin M, Dowhan W: Structure and expression of the gene locus encoding the phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase of Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem. 1986 Jan 25;261(3):1329-38.

Pubmed: 3003065

Usui M, Sembongi H, Matsuzaki H, Matsumoto K, Shibuya I: Primary structures of the wild-type and mutant alleles encoding the phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1994 Jun;176(11):3389-92. doi: 10.1128/jb.176.11.3389-3392.1994.

Pubmed: 8195097

Itoh T, Aiba H, Baba T, Hayashi K, Inada T, Isono K, Kasai H, Kimura S, Kitakawa M, Kitagawa M, Makino K, Miki T, Mizobuchi K, Mori H, Mori T, Motomura K, Nakade S, Nakamura Y, Nashimoto H, Nishio Y, Oshima T, Saito N, Sampei G, Seki Y, Horiuchi T, et al.: A 460-kb DNA sequence of the Escherichia coli K-12 genome corresponding to the 40.1-50.0 min region on the linkage map. DNA Res. 1996 Dec 31;3(6):379-92. doi: 10.1093/dnares/3.6.379.

Pubmed: 9097040

Icho T: Membrane-bound phosphatases in Escherichia coli: sequence of the pgpB gene and dual subcellular localization of the pgpB product. J Bacteriol. 1988 Nov;170(11):5117-24. doi: 10.1128/jb.170.11.5117-5124.1988.

Pubmed: 2846511

Dillon DA, Wu WI, Riedel B, Wissing JB, Dowhan W, Carman GM: The Escherichia coli pgpB gene encodes for a diacylglycerol pyrophosphate phosphatase activity. J Biol Chem. 1996 Nov 29;271(48):30548-53. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.48.30548.

Pubmed: 8940025

Aiba H, Baba T, Hayashi K, Inada T, Isono K, Itoh T, Kasai H, Kashimoto K, Kimura S, Kitakawa M, Kitagawa M, Makino K, Miki T, Mizobuchi K, Mori H, Mori T, Motomura K, Nakade S, Nakamura Y, Nashimoto H, Nishio Y, Oshima T, Saito N, Sampei G, Horiuchi T, et al.: A 570-kb DNA sequence of the Escherichia coli K-12 genome corresponding to the 28.0-40.1 min region on the linkage map. DNA Res. 1996 Dec 31;3(6):363-77. doi: 10.1093/dnares/3.6.363.

Pubmed: 9097039

Icho T: Membrane-bound phosphatases in Escherichia coli: sequence of the pgpA gene. J Bacteriol. 1988 Nov;170(11):5110-6. doi: 10.1128/jb.170.11.5110-5116.1988.

Pubmed: 2846510

This pathway was generated using PathWhiz - Pon, A. et al. Pathways with PathWhiz (2015) Nucleic Acids Res. 43(Web Server issue): W552–W559.

Generated from SMP0001017

This pathway was propagated using PathWhiz - Pon, A. et al. Pathways with PathWhiz (2015) Nucleic Acids Res. 43(Web Server issue): W552–W559.

Propagated from SMP0001764

	Carbon dioxide
	CDP-DG(10:0/15:0)
	CL(10:0/15:0/10:0/15:0)
	Coenzyme A
	Cytidine monophosphate
	Cytidine triphosphate
	Decanoyl-CoA
	Dihydroxyacetone phosphate
	Ethanolamine
	Glycerol
	Glycerol 3-phosphate
	Hydrogen Ion
	L-Serine
	LysoPA(10:0/0:0)
	NADP
	NADPH
	PA(10:0/15:0)
	PE(10:0/15:0)
	Pentadecanoyl-CoA
	PG(10:0/15:0)
	PGP(10:0/15:0)
	Phosphate
	PS(10:0/15:0)
	Pyrophosphate
	Water

	1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase
	Cardiolipin synthase
	cardiolipin synthase c
	CDP-diacylglycerol--glycerol-3-phosphate 3-phosphatidyltransferase
	CDP-diacylglycerol--serine O-phosphatidyltransferase
	Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase
	Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+]
	Phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase
	Phosphatidylglycerophosphatase A
	Phosphatidylglycerophosphatase B
	Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase proenzyme
	Putative cardiolipin synthase ybhO

		Carbon dioxide
		CDP-DG(10:0/15:0)
		CL(10:0/15:0/10:0/15:0)
		Coenzyme A
		Cytidine monophosphate
		Cytidine triphosphate
		Decanoyl-CoA
		Dihydroxyacetone phosphate
		Ethanolamine
		Glycerol
		Glycerol 3-phosphate
		Hydrogen Ion
		L-Serine
		LysoPA(10:0/0:0)
		NADP
		NADPH
		PA(10:0/15:0)
		PE(10:0/15:0)
		Pentadecanoyl-CoA
		PG(10:0/15:0)
		PGP(10:0/15:0)
		Phosphate
		PS(10:0/15:0)
		Pyrophosphate
		Water

		1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase
		Cardiolipin synthase
		cardiolipin synthase c
		CDP-diacylglycerol--glycerol-3-phosphate 3-phosphatidyltransferase
		CDP-diacylglycerol--serine O-phosphatidyltransferase
		Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase
		Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+]
		Phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase
		Phosphatidylglycerophosphatase A
		Phosphatidylglycerophosphatase B
		Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase proenzyme
		Putative cardiolipin synthase ybhO

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Phospholipid Biosynthesis CL(10:0/15:0/10:0/15:0)

Phospholipid Biosynthesis CL(10:0/15:0/10:0/15:0) References