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Pathway Description
D-Alanine Metabolism
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Category:
Metabolite Pathway
Sub-Category:
Metabolic
Created: 2019-08-12
Last Updated: 2023-10-28
L-Alanine is an essential component of both proteins and Peptidoglycan. Peptidoglycan also contain about three molecules of D-alanine for every L-alanine, comprising of only about 10% of the total alanine synthesized flowing into peptidoglycan. (More info can be found at L-alanine metabolism pathway: PW000788 or SMP0000810) In this pathway, D-amino acid dehydrogenase degrades D-alanine to form pyruvate, pyruvate then serving as a source of carbon for central metabolism. D-alanine can be formed by either biosynthetic alanine racemase or catabolic alanine racemase. D-alanine is required for forming cell wall peptidoglycan (murein). D-alanine is metabolized by ATP driven D-alanine ligase A and B resulting in D-alanyl-D-alanine. This product is incorporated into peptidoglycan biosynthesis.
References
D-Alanine Metabolism References
Stover CK, Pham XQ, Erwin AL, Mizoguchi SD, Warrener P, Hickey MJ, Brinkman FS, Hufnagle WO, Kowalik DJ, Lagrou M, Garber RL, Goltry L, Tolentino E, Westbrock-Wadman S, Yuan Y, Brody LL, Coulter SN, Folger KR, Kas A, Larbig K, Lim R, Smith K, Spencer D, Wong GK, Wu Z, Paulsen IT, Reizer J, Saier MH, Hancock RE, Lory S, Olson MV: Complete genome sequence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, an opportunistic pathogen. Nature. 2000 Aug 31;406(6799):959-64. doi: 10.1038/35023079.
Pubmed: 10984043
Strych U, Huang HC, Krause KL, Benedik MJ: Characterization of the alanine racemases from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Curr Microbiol. 2000 Oct;41(4):290-4.
Pubmed: 10977898
LeMagueres P, Im H, Dvorak A, Strych U, Benedik M, Krause KL: Crystal structure at 1.45 A resolution of alanine racemase from a pathogenic bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, contains both internal and external aldimine forms. Biochemistry. 2003 Dec 23;42(50):14752-61. doi: 10.1021/bi030165v.
Pubmed: 14674749
He W, Li C, Lu CD: Regulation and characterization of the dadRAX locus for D-amino acid catabolism in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. J Bacteriol. 2011 May;193(9):2107-15. doi: 10.1128/JB.00036-11. Epub 2011 Mar 4.
Pubmed: 21378189
Korza HJ, Bochtler M: Pseudomonas aeruginosa LD-carboxypeptidase, a serine peptidase with a Ser-His-Glu triad and a nucleophilic elbow. J Biol Chem. 2005 Dec 9;280(49):40802-12. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M506328200. Epub 2005 Sep 14.
Pubmed: 16162494
This pathway was propagated using PathWhiz -
Pon, A. et al. Pathways with PathWhiz (2015) Nucleic Acids Res. 43(Web Server issue): W552–W559.
Propagated from SMP0000791
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