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Pathway Description
Disulfiram Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Inhibitor Action Pathway
Homo sapiens
Drug Action Pathway
Created: 2020-07-26
Last Updated: 2023-10-25
Disulfiram is a carbamate derivative used to treat chronic alcoholism. It irreversibly inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase in the mitochondrial matrix which converts acetaldehyde to acetic acid causing an accumulation of acetaldehyde. The higher concentrations of acetaldehyde in the mitochondrial matrix cause unpleasant symptoms associated with acetaldehyde syndrome. The unpleasant symptoms (vasodilation, flushing, hypotension, respiratory problems) are meant to deter the patient away from wanting to use alcohol as disulfiram and alcohol together lead to the unwanted feelings. Acetaldehyde that accumulates in the mitochondrial matrix inhibits energy production seen by its inhibition of respiratory control and oxidative phosphorylation as some examples. The compound also affects fatty acid transporters that are responsible for transferring reducing equivalents and oxidization as they are sensitive to acetaldehyde. The NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase segment of the respiratory chain is also sensitive to acetaldehyde concentrations which affects respiratory funciton..Some studies suggest that disulfiram also inhibits the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor which aids the feels of alcohol withdrawal. Disulfiram can be administered as an oral tablet or in a T.R.U.E. patch test mixture for a subcutaneous route with several other drugs.
References
Disulfiram Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Inhibitor Pathway References
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Pubmed: 14702039
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