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Aldehyde
dehydrogenase
X,
mitochondrial
Peroxisome
Solute
Transporter
Acetaldehyde
Transporter
Acetaldehyde
Mitochondrial
Transporter
Disulfiram
Transporter
Disulfiram
Plasma
Transporter
Acetaldehyde
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Transporter
Alcohol
dehydrogenase
1B
Cytochrome P450
2E1
Catalase
Acetyl-coenzyme
A synthetase
2-like,
mitochondrial
Disulfiram
Acetyl-CoA
Ethanol
Ethanol
Ethanol
Acetaldehyde
Acetaldehyde
Acetaldehyde
Disulfiram
Disulfiram
Acetaldehyde
NAD
Acetaldehyde
NADH
H
+
O
2
NADPH
H
2
O
NADP
H
2
O
2
H
2
O
NAD
H
2
O
NADH
AMP
PP
i
Zinc
Heme
NADP
Citric Acid
Cycle
Acetic acid
H
+
ATP
CoA
Heme
Disulfiram is absorbed
through the GI tract and
enters the cells
Disulfiram irreversibly
inhibits aldehyde
dehydrogenase from coverting
acetaldehyde into acetic
acid. This causes a build up
of acetaldehyde
If disulfiram is taken with
alcohol consumption the
accumulation of acetaldehyde
causes unpleasant symptoms
of acetaldehyde syndrome
(flushing, vasodilation,
respiratory difficulties,
nausea, hypotension) which
deters the individual from
drinking alcohol.
Cytosol
Endoplasmic Reticulum Lumen
Peroxisome
Mitochondrial Matrix
Extracellular Space
Hepatocyte
Mitochondria
ALDH1B1
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Peroxisome
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
ADH1B
CYP2E1
CAT
ACSS1
Disulfiram
Acetyl-CoA
Ethanol
Ethanol
Ethanol
Acetaldehyde
Acetaldehyde
Acetaldehyde
Disulfiram
Disulfiram
Acetaldehyde
NAD
Acetaldehyde
NADH
Hydrogen Ion
Oxygen
NADPH
Water
NADP
Hydrogen
peroxide
Water
NAD
Water
NADH
Adenosine
monophosphate
Pyrophosphate
Citric Acid
Cycle
Acetic acid
Hydrogen Ion
Adenosine
triphosphate
Coenzyme A
ALDH1B1