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Pathway Description
Pseudoephedrine Metabolism
Homo sapiens
Metabolic Pathway
Created: 2022-03-29
Last Updated: 2023-10-25
Pseudoephedrine is a drug taken orally in cold and sinus medication or allergy medication. It is swallowed as a pill where it is digested then absorbed through the epithelial cells of the intestine without a transporter. Pseudoephedrine is a BSC class 1 compound, and therefore has high permiability and is able to pass through the membranes of the intestine and liver. It travels through the blood stream where only a small portion of Pseudoephedrine is metabolized in the liver. It is N-demethylated by Cytochrome P450 1A2 into the inactive metabolite Norpseudoephedrine. Both Pseudoephedrine and Norpseudoephedrine travel to the kidney where 55%-75% of the dose are excreted in the urine as unchanged Pseudoephedrine.
References
Pseudoephedrine Metabolism References
Fairstein M, Swissa R, Dahan A: Regional-dependent intestinal permeability and BCS classification: elucidation of pH-related complexity in rats using pseudoephedrine. AAPS J. 2013 Apr;15(2):589-97. doi: 10.1208/s12248-013-9462-x. Epub 2013 Feb 26.
Pubmed: 23440549
Chester N, Mottram DR, Reilly T, Powell M: Elimination of ephedrines in urine following multiple dosing: the consequences for athletes, in relation to doping control. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2004 Jan;57(1):62-7. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2125.2003.01948.x.
Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Guo AC, Lo EJ, Marcu A, Grant JR, Sajed T, Johnson D, Li C, Sayeeda Z, Assempour N, Iynkkaran I, Liu Y, Maciejewski A, Gale N, Wilson A, Chin L, Cummings R, Le D, Pon A, Knox C, Wilson M: DrugBank 5.0: a major update to the DrugBank database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D1074-D1082. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1037.
Pubmed: 29126136
Ikeya K, Jaiswal AK, Owens RA, Jones JE, Nebert DW, Kimura S: Human CYP1A2: sequence, gene structure, comparison with the mouse and rat orthologous gene, and differences in liver 1A2 mRNA expression. Mol Endocrinol. 1989 Sep;3(9):1399-408. doi: 10.1210/mend-3-9-1399.
Pubmed: 2575218
Jaiswal AK, Nebert DW, Gonzalez FJ: Human P3(450): cDNA and complete amino acid sequence. Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 Aug 26;14(16):6773-4. doi: 10.1093/nar/14.16.6773.
Pubmed: 3755823
Quattrochi LC, Pendurthi UR, Okino ST, Potenza C, Tukey RH: Human cytochrome P-450 4 mRNA and gene: part of a multigene family that contains Alu sequences in its mRNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Sep;83(18):6731-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.18.6731.
Pubmed: 3462722
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