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Adenylate
cyclase type 10
Myosin light
chain kinase,
smooth muscle
PKA complex
PKA complex
Protein kinase
C
Muscarinic
acetylcholine
receptor M2
Myosin LC-P
Myosin light
chain 3
Inositol 1,4,5-
trisphosphate
receptor type 1
Voltage-
dependent
L-type calcium
channel subunit
beta-1
Voltage-
dependent
L-type calcium
channel subunit
alpha-1C
Myosin light
chain
phosphatase
Calmodulin
Intermediate
conductance
calcium-
activated
potassium
channel protein
4
Phospholipase C
ATP-binding
cassette
sub-family C
member 8
ATP-sensitive
inward
rectifier
potassium
channel 8
ATP-sensitive
inward
rectifier
potassium
channel 11
ATP-binding
cassette
sub-family C
member 9
Calmodulin
Voltage-
dependent
calcium channel
subunit
alpha-2/delta-1
Anisotropine Methylbromide
Ca
+
Ca
+
K
+
K
+
Ca
+
K
+
K
+
Anisotropine Methylbromide
ATP
cAMP
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
Phosphatidylinositol
4,5-bisphosphate
Diacylglycerol
P
i
P
i
P
i
P
i
Calcium
Ca
+
Muscle
Contraction
Muscle
Relaxation
G Protien
Signalling
Cascade
Magnesium
Calcium
Manganese
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Cytosol
GI Tract Smooth Muscle Cell
Activated PKA can
phosphorylate calcium
activated potassium channels
causing potassium efflux and
promoting hyperpolarization.
Activated PKA phosphorylates
the IP3 receptor to reduce
its affinity for IP3.
Activated PKA phosphorylates
phospholipase C.
There is an overall decrease
in calcium levels in the
cytosol.
Decreased calcium is unable
to bind readily to
calmodulin.
The inhibition of myosin
light chain kinase prevents
the synthesis of Myosin LC-P
which leads to a high
concentration of myosin
light chain and muscle
relaxation.
Myosin unbinds from actin
causing the sarcomere
filaments to slide resulting
in muscle relaxation.
Activates ATP-sensitive
potassium channels via cAMP
mediated phosphorylation.
Actin Filament
Myosin Filament
Since the receptor isn't
activated, adenylyl cyclase
is no longer inhibited
allowing for cAMP production
M2 receptors activate Gi
protein signalling which
inhibits adenylyl cyclase
Anisotropine methylbromide
antagonizes the M2 receptor
in the GI tract, while also
antagonizing both M1 and M3
receptors
Anisotropine methylbromide
is administered as an oral
tablet
ADCY10
MYLK
PRKAR1A
PRKAR2A
PRKCA
CHRM2
MYL3
MYL3
ITPR1
CACNB1
CACNA1C
PPP1CB
CALM1
KCNN4
PLCB1
ABCC8
KCNJ8
KCNJ11
Unknown
CALM1
CACNA2D1
Anisotropine
Methylbromide
Calcium
Calcium
Potassium
Potassium
Calcium
Potassium
Potassium
Anisotropine
Methylbromide
Adenosine
triphosphate
cAMP
Inositol 1,4,5-
trisphosphate
Phosphatidylinositol
4,5-
bisphosphate
Diacylglycerol
Phosphate
Phosphate
Phosphate
Phosphate
Calcium
Muscle
Contraction
Muscle
Relaxation
G Protien
Signalling
Cascade