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D(2) dopamine
receptor
Voltage-
dependent
P/Q-type
calcium channel
subunit
alpha-1A
Voltage-
dependent
L-type calcium
channel subunit
beta-1
Voltage-
dependent
calcium channel
subunit
alpha-2/delta-2
Sodium-
dependent
dopamine
transporter
Synaptic
vesicular amine
transporter
Aromatic-L-
amino-acid
decarboxylase
Tyrosine
3-monooxygenase
Dopamine
Ca
+
Triflupromazine
Ca
+
Dopamine
Dopamine
Triflupromazine
L-Dopa
CO
2
L-Tyrosine
Tetrahydrobiopterin
O
2
Dihydrobiopterin
H
2
O
Na
+
Na
+
Pyridoxal
5'-phosphate
Gi signaling
cascade
Fe2+
Cytosol
Postsynaptic Neuron
Presynaptic Neuron
Cytosol
Synaptic Vesicle
Synapse
Triflupromazine is a D1/D2
receptor antagonist. D2
receptors in the mesolimbic
pathway are responsible for
producing the positive
symptoms in schizophrenia
↓ Positive, negative and
cognitive symptoms of
schizophrenia
Excess dopamine in the brain
triggers positive symptoms
of schizophrenia
Brain
Mesolimbic pathway
Blood vessel - blood brain
barrier
passive diffusion
Triflupromazine also acts as
an antagonist to D2
receptors present in the
vagus nerves from brain to
gut
Triflupromazine is taken
orally and absorbed in the
gastrointestinal tract
DRD2
CACNA1A
CACNB1
CACNA2D2
SLC6A3
SLC18A2
DDC
TH
Dopamine
Calcium
Triflupromazine
Calcium
Dopamine
Dopamine
Triflupromazine
L-Dopa
Carbon dioxide
L-Tyrosine
Tetrahydrobiopterin
Oxygen
Dihydrobiopterin
Water
Sodium
Sodium
Gi signaling
cascade
DRD2
CACNA1A
CACNB1
CACNA2D2
SLC6A3
SLC18A2
DDC
TH
LDP
Ca
+
Triflup
Ca
+
LDP
LDP
Triflup
L-Dopa
CO
2
Tyr
BH4
O
2
BH3
H
2
O
Na
+
Na
+
Pyr-5'P
Gi si c
Fe2+
Cytosol
Postsynaptic Neuron
Presynaptic Neuron
Cytosol
Synaptic Vesicle
Synapse
Triflupromazine is a D1/D2
receptor antagonist. D2
receptors in the mesolimbic
pathway are responsible for
producing the positive
symptoms in schizophrenia
↓ Positive, negative and
cognitive symptoms of
schizophrenia
Excess dopamine in the brain
triggers positive symptoms
of schizophrenia
Brain
Mesolimbic pathway
Blood vessel - blood brain
barrier
passive diffusion
Triflupromazine also acts as
an antagonist to D2
receptors present in the
vagus nerves from brain to
gut
Triflupromazine is taken
orally and absorbed in the
gastrointestinal tract