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Pathway Description
Phenelzine Amine Oxidase Serotonin Antidepressant Action Pathway
Homo sapiens
Drug Action Pathway
Created: 2023-08-23
Last Updated: 2023-11-27
Phenelzine, also known as Nardil, is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOIs). This drug is used as an antidepressant and it is also effective in the treatment of panic disorder and social anxiety disorder. The monoamine oxidase is an enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative deamination of many amines like serotonin, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine. There are 2 isoforms of this protein: A and B. The first one is found in cells located in the periphery and breakdown serotonin, norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, and tyramine. The second one, the B isoform, breakdowns phenylethylamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, and tyramine. This isoform is found in the extracellular tissues and mostly in the brain. The mechanism of action of the MAOIs is still not determined, it is thought that they act by increasing free serotonin and norepinephrine (shown in this pathway) concentrations and/or by altering the concentrations of other amines in the CNS. MAO A inhibition is thought to be more relevant to antidepressant activity than the inhibition caused by MAO B. Selective MAO B inhibitors have no antidepressant effects. Phenelzine inhibits both isoforms causing an elevation in brain levels of catecholamines (like norepinephrine) and serotonin. This drug is administered as an oral tablet.
References
Phenelzine Amine Oxidase Serotonin Antidepressant Pathway References
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